Structural Organization of the Mammalian Kidney
Structural Organization of the Mammalian Kidney
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哺乳动物肾脏的结构组织
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-381462-3.00020-3
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
B. Kaissling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Kriz;B. Kaissling
哺乳动物的肾脏是多种形式的。单乳头肾的基本结构最为清楚，这在所有小物种中都很常见。肾冠状面显示主要结构部分（图20.1 A）。肾皮质整体呈杯状，边缘倒置，包围着肾髓质。髓质可以大致比作金字塔；它的顶部，乳头，伸入肾盂。骨盆位于肾窦内，肾窦通过肾门通向肾脏内侧表面。皮层实质分为皮层迷路和髓质射线。皮层的最上层，覆盖髓质射线顶部的连续层，被称为皮质皮层。髓质分为外髓质（又分为外条纹和内条纹）和内髓质。内髓质最里面的部分通常形成乳头。单乳头肾是最简单的肾脏类型；在比较解剖学中，这样的肾脏作为一个整体对应于肾小管。所有其他类型的肾脏都可以被认为是为了适应更大的体型。顶肾和最大肾管肾是单肾单元的放大。多乳头状肾（图20.2）和肾小袢是这个单位的乘积。1,2,3人的肾脏是多乳头状肾；然而，它是特别的，因为可变数量的乳头通常融合，形成复合乳头。4
The mammalian kidney is multiform. The basic architecture is best understood in the unipapillary kidney, which is common in all small species. A coronal section of this kidney shows the main structural parts (Figure 20.1 a). The renal cortex, as a whole, is cupshaped with inverted margins, and surrounds the renal medulla. The medulla can be roughly compared to a pyramid; its top portion, the papilla, projects into the renal pelvis. The pelvis is located within the renal sinus, which opens through the renal hilum to the medial surface of the kidney. The cortical parenchyma is divided into the cortical labyrinth and the medullary rays. The uppermost part of the cortex, a continuous layer that covers the tops of the medullary rays, is called the cortex corticis. The medulla is divided into an outer medulla (subdivided into outer and inner stripes) and an inner medulla. The innermost part of the inner medulla generally forms the papilla.The unipapillary kidney is the most simple kidney type; in comparative anatomy, such a kidney as a whole corresponds to a renculus. All other kidney types may be regarded as adaptations to larger body sizes. The crest kidney and the kidney with tubi maximi are magnifications of a one-reniculus unit. The multipapillary kidney (Figure 20.2) and the reniculus kidney multiply this unit. 1, 2, 3 The human kidney is a multipapillary kidney; however, it is particular because a variable number of papillae are generally fused, forming compound papillae. 4
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大鼠肾集合管中的三种不同的细胞群。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpcell.1987.253.2.c323
发表时间：
1987
期刊：
The American journal of physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Holthöfer,H;Schulte,BA;Pasternack,G;Siegel,GJ;Spicer,SS
通讯作者：
Spicer,SS
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
Daniels, BS
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.24.11993
发表时间：
1992-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
C. Wilcox;W. Welch;F. Murad;S. Gross;Graham P. Taylor;R. Levi;H. Schmidt
通讯作者：
C. Wilcox;W. Welch;F. Murad;S. Gross;Graham P. Taylor;R. Levi;H. Schmidt
DOI：
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发表时间：
1992-09
期刊：
The American journal of pathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Adler
通讯作者：
S. Adler
DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54445-8
发表时间：
1991-12
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Noonan;Anna Fulle;Piera Valente;S. Cai;E. Horigan;M. Sasaki;Yoshihiko Yamada;J. Hassell
通讯作者：
D. Noonan;Anna Fulle;Piera Valente;S. Cai;E. Horigan;M. Sasaki;Yoshihiko Yamada;J. Hassell