Bestrophin-2 and glutamine synthetase form a complex for glutamate release.

Bestrophin-2 and glutamine synthetase form a complex for glutamate release.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-022-05373-x
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发表时间:
2022-11
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Yang, Tingting
Yang, Tingting
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Owji, Aaron P.;Yu, Kuai;Kittredge, Alec;Wang, Jiali;Zhang, Yu;Yang, Tingting

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Bestrophin-2(Best 2)是钙激活阴离子通道的bestrophin家族的成员,其在眼部生理学中具有重要参与。在这里,我们发现了一个定向渗透性的Best 2谷氨酸严重有利于谷氨酸退出,确定谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)作为结合伴侣的Best 2在睫状体的眼睛,并解决了结构的Best 2-GS复合物。Best 2通过将GS束缚在细胞膜上来降低胞质GS活性。GS通过其中央腔延伸Best 2的离子传导途径,并在细胞内谷氨酸缺乏的情况下抑制Best 2通道功能,但使Best 2对细胞内谷氨酸敏感,这促进Best 2的开放,从而减轻GS的抑制作用。Best 2在传导氯和谷氨酸中的生理作用以及GS的影响在非色素睫状上皮细胞中得到证实。总之,我们的研究结果揭示了一种新的机制,谷氨酸释放通过Best 2-GS。
Bestrophin-2 (Best2) is a member of the bestrophin family of calcium-activated anion channels with critical involvement in ocular physiology. Here, we uncover a directional permeability of Best2 to glutamate heavily favoring glutamate exit, identify glutamine synthetase (GS) as a binding partner of Best2 in the ciliary body of the eye, and solve the structure of the Best2-GS complex. Best2 reduces cytosolic GS activity by tethering GS to the cell membrane. GS extends the ion conducting pathway of Best2 through its central cavity and inhibits Best2 channel function in the absence of intracellular glutamate, but sensitizes Best2 to intracellular glutamate, which promotes opening of Best2 and thus relieves the inhibitory effect of GS. The physiological role of Best2 in conducting chloride and glutamate and the influence of GS are demonstrated in non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells. Together, our results reveal a novel mechanism of glutamate release through Best2-GS.
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