Inhibition Mechanism of an Anti-CRISPR Suppressor AcrIIA4 Targeting SpyCas9.

Inhibition Mechanism of an Anti-CRISPR Suppressor AcrIIA4 Targeting SpyCas9.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2017.05.024
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发表时间:
2017-07-06
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Patel DJ
Patel DJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang H;Patel DJ

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原核CRISPR-Cas适应性免疫系统利用序列特异性RNA引导的核酸内切酶来防御病毒、噬菌体和移动元件的感染,而这些外源遗传元件则进化出多种抗CRISPR蛋白来克服宿主的CRISPR-Cas介导的防御。最近,单增李斯特菌原噬菌体编码的 AcrIIA2 和 AcrIIA4 被证明可以阻断 II-A 型化脓性链球菌 Cas9 (SpyCas9) 的核酸内切酶活性。我们现在报道了 AcrIIA4 与单向导 RNA 结合的 SpyCas9 复合物的晶体结构,从而确定 AcrIIA4 优先靶向 PAM 双链体识别所必需的关键残基,并阻止对 RuvC 口袋内衬的关键催化残基的访问。这些结构见解经过对关键突变体的生化分析验证,表明 AcrIIA4 竞争性地占据 PAM 相互作用和非目标 DNA 链裂解催化口袋。我们的研究提供了对抗 CRISPR 介导的 SpyCas9 失活抑制机制的见解,从而拓宽了 CRISPR-Cas 调控工具在基因组编辑中的适用性。
Prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems utilize sequence specific RNA-guided endonucleases to defend against infection by viruses, bacteriophages and mobile elements, while these foreign genetic elements evolve diverse anti-CRISPR proteins to overcome the CRISPR-Cas-mediated defense of the host. Recently, AcrIIA2 and AcrIIA4, encoded by Listeria monocytogenes prophages were shown to block the endonuclease activity of Type II-A Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpyCas9). We now report the crystal structure of AcrIIA4 in complex with single-guide RNA-bound SpyCas9, thereby establishing that AcrIIA4 preferentially targets critical residues essential for PAM duplex recognition, as well as blocks access to key catalytic residues lining the RuvC pocket. These structural insights, validated by biochemical assays on key mutants, demonstrate that AcrIIA4 competitively occupies both PAM-interacting and non-target DNA strand cleavage catalytic pockets. Our studies provide insights into anti-CRISPR mediated suppression mechanisms for inactivating SpyCas9, thereby broadening the applicability of CRISPR-Cas regulatory tools for genome editing.
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