TACE (ADAM17) inhibits Schwann cell myelination.

TACE (ADAM17) inhibits Schwann cell myelination.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.2849
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发表时间:
2011-06-12
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Taveggia, Carla
Taveggia, Carla
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
La Marca, Rosa;Cerri, Federica;Horiuchi, Keisuke;Bachi, Angela;Feltri, M. Laura;Wrabetz, Lawrence;Blobel, Carl P.;Quattrini, Angelo;Salzer, James L.;Taveggia, Carla

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肿瘤坏死因子-α-转化酶(TACE;也称为ADAM 17)是一种蛋白水解脱落酶,负责切割几种膜结合分子。我们报告TACE切割表皮生长因子结构域中的神经调节蛋白-1(NRG 1)III型,可能使其失活(通过磷脂酰肌醇-3-OH激酶途径活化不足进行评估),从而负调节外周神经系统(PNS)髓鞘形成。在背根神经节神经元中,慢病毒介导的体外TACE敲低加速髓鞘形成的开始并导致髓鞘形成过度。与此一致,条件性基因敲除小鼠的运动神经元缺乏TACE,这些细胞中的特异性是显着的髓鞘,和小口径纤维异常髓鞘。此外,降低TACE活性在体内挽救了NRG 1 III型单倍不足小鼠中的髓鞘形成不足。我们还表明,TACE的抑制作用是神经元自主的,因为缺乏TACE的雪旺细胞精心制作了正常厚度的髓鞘。因此,TACE是NRG 1 III型活性的调节剂,并且是PNS中髓鞘形成的负调节剂。
Tumor necrosis factor-α–converting enzyme (TACE; also known as ADAM17) is a proteolytic sheddase that is responsible for the cleavage of several membrane-bound molecules. We report that TACE cleaves neuregulin-1 (NRG1) type III in the epidermal growth factor domain, probably inactivating it (as assessed by deficient activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase pathway), and thereby negatively regulating peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelination. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of TACE in vitro in dorsal root ganglia neurons accelerates the onset of myelination and results in hypermyelination. In agreement, motor neurons of conditional knockout mice lacking TACE specifically in these cells are significantly hypermyelinated, and small-caliber fibers are aberrantly myelinated. Further, reduced TACE activity rescues hypomyelination in NRG1 type III haploinsufficient mice in vivo. We also show that the inhibitory effect of TACE is neuron-autonomous, as Schwann cells lacking TACE elaborate myelin of normal thickness. Thus, TACE is a modulator of NRG1 type III activity and is a negative regulator of myelination in the PNS.
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