The Commonwealth and South Africa: From Smuts to Mandela
The Commonwealth and South Africa: From Smuts to Mandela
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英联邦和南非：从史末茨到曼德拉
DOI：
10.1080/03086534.2017.1294790
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Dubow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Dubow
1910年，现代南非在大英帝国的统治下成为一个独立的单一国家，由此产生了英联邦的概念。Jan Smuts对英联邦的观点是形成性的，直到第二次世界大战结束，这些观点一直影响着英联邦的演变。同样重要的是阿非利卡民族主义领袖J. B. M.赫尔佐格所扮演的角色，他对1926年的《贝尔福宣言》和《威斯敏斯特规约》产生了至关重要的影响。即使在南非于1961年脱离英联邦之后，种族隔离作为制度化种族主义和殖民统治的全球典范的重要性，也有助于将英联邦作为一个多种族组织，具有明确的道德价值观。1994年，在纳尔逊·曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）的带领下，南非重新融入社会，被视为英联邦的胜利而受到欢迎。然而，矛盾的是，这被证明是一场得不宜失的胜利，实际上可能促成了英联邦的间接状态。
ABSTRACT The creation of modern South Africa as an independent unitary state within the British Empire (c. 1910) gave birth to the Commonwealth idea. Jan Smuts’s views on Commonwealth were formative and they continued to inform the evolution of the organisation until the end of the Second World War. Also significant was the role played by Afrikaner nationalist leader J. B. M. Hertzog, who exerted a critical influence on the 1926 Balfour Declaration and Statute of Westminster. At the point of South Africa’s departure from the Commonwealth in 1961, the Commonwealth divided between new entrants, who cast South Africa as a pariah, and older member states who lamented the exit of a troubled family member. Even after South Africa’s departure from the Commonwealth in 1961, apartheid’s significance as the global exemplar of institutionalised racism and colonial rule helped to bind the Commonwealth as a multi-racial organisation with strongly defined ethical values. South Africa’s reintegration in 1994, with Nelson Mandela to the fore, was welcomed as a triumph for the Commonwealth. Paradoxically, however, this proved a pyrrhic victory and may actually have contributed to the Commonwealth’s state of indirection.
英联邦与冷战、中立主义和不结盟
DOI：
10.1080/07075332.2015.1053965
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
The International History Review
影响因子：
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作者：
Onslow S
通讯作者：
Onslow S