Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and DUX4: breaking the silence.
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and DUX4: breaking the silence.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molmed.2011.01.001
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发表时间:
2011-05
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Tapscott SJ
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
van der Maarel SM;Tawil R;Tapscott SJ
Autosomal dominant facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) has an unusual pathogenic mechanism. FSHD is caused by deletion of a subset of D4Z4 macrosatellite repeat units in the subtelomere of chromosome 4q. Recent studies provide compelling evidence that a retrotransposed gene in the D4Z4 repeat, DUX4, is expressed in the human germline and then epigenetically silenced in somatic tissues. In FSHD, the combination of inefficient chromatin silencing of the D4Z4 repeat and polymorphisms on the FSHD-permissive alleles that stabilize the DUX4 mRNAs emanating from the repeat, result in inappropriate DUX4 protein expression in muscle cells. FSHD is thereby the first example of a human disease caused by the inefficient repression of a retrogene in a macrosatellite repeat array.
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