A nidovirus perspective on SARS-CoV-2.

A nidovirus perspective on SARS-CoV-2.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.015
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发表时间:
2021-01-29
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Gorbalenya AE
Gorbalenya AE
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gulyaeva AA;Gorbalenya AE

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21世纪两次与人畜共患疾病引入有关的呼吸窘迫疾病大流行引起了人们对冠状病毒研究前所未有的兴趣,并赋予其前所未有的紧迫性。引起疫情的两种病毒SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2分别成为人们关注的焦点,SARS-CoV-2是当前快节奏研究的重点。它的基础是对许多冠状病毒和相关病毒的研究奠定的,这些病毒共同构成了庞大的奈多病毒目。在过去的30多年里,尼多病毒的比较基因组学在这一进展中发挥了关键作用。它促进了从特征病毒到新发现病毒(包括SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2)的知识转移,并有助于解剖尼迪克病毒蛋白质组,并确定从物种到科的不同分类群体之间的变异模式。本综述回顾了定义尼多病毒的蛋白质保护和变异的选定病例,说明了尼多病毒适应过程中蛋白质组的显著可塑性,并提出了蛋白质组与尼多病毒繁殖至关重要的过程的界面问题,并可能为正在进行的SARS-CoV-2研究提供信息。
Two pandemics of respiratory distress diseases associated with zoonotic introductions of the species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus in the human population during 21st century raised unprecedented interest in coronavirus research and assigned it unseen urgency. The two viruses responsible for the outbreaks, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively, are in the spotlight, and SARS-CoV-2 is the focus of the current fast-paced research. Its foundation was laid down by studies of many corona- and related viruses that collectively form the vast order Nidovirales. Comparative genomics of nidoviruses played a key role in this advancement over more than 30 years. It facilitated the transfer of knowledge from characterized to newly identified viruses, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, as well as contributed to the dissection of the nidovirus proteome and identification of patterns of variations between different taxonomic groups, from species to families. This review revisits selected cases of protein conservation and variation that define nidoviruses, illustrates the remarkable plasticity of the proteome during nidovirus adaptation, and asks questions at the interface of the proteome and processes that are vital for nidovirus reproduction and could inform the ongoing research of SARS-CoV-2.
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