Cretaceous gnetalean yields first preserved plant gum

Cretaceous gnetalean yields first preserved plant gum
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白垩纪的鸽子树产出了第一种保存完好的植物胶

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-60211-2
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Martill
Martill
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roberts;Seyfullah;Loveridge;Garside;Martill

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一些液态植物分泌物(例如树脂)可以在化石记录中被保存下来。然而,由于它们的高溶解度,树胶在化石形成之前被认为是溶解的。口香糖(水溶性多糖)的外观与其他植物分泌物,特别是树脂非常相似,因此必须进行化学测试来区分它们。值得注意的是,来自巴西早白垩世的Welwitschiophyllum树叶首次在化学上证实了一种保存下来的树胶。这是尽管树叶在克拉托地层形成和随后的风化过程中两次暴露在水中。威尔维希尔氏菌与其推测的现存近亲威尔维希亚植物一样,在叶片内存在树胶导管。这种化石树胶的化学特征与现存的威尔士口香糖非常相似,与化石树脂截然不同。我们首次展示了在化石记录中保存了一种可溶于水的植物渗出物,这可能使我们能够识别出更多被认为在化石过程中丢失的生物分子。
Some liquid plant exudates (e.g. resin) can be found preserved in the fossil record. However, due to their high solubility, gums have been assumed to dissolve before fossilisation. The visual appearance of gums (water-soluble polysaccharides) is so similar to other plant exudates, particularly resin, that chemical testing is essential to differentiate them. Remarkably,Welwitschiophyllumleaves from Early Cretaceous, Brazil provide the first chemical confirmation of a preserved gum. This is despite the leaves being exposed to water twice during formation and subsequent weathering of the Crato Formation. TheWelwitschiophyllumplant shares the presence of gum ducts inside leaves with its presumed extant relative the gnetaleanWelwitschia. This fossil gum presents a chemical signature remarkably similar to the gum in extantWelwitschiaand is distinct from those of fossil resins. We show for the first time that a water-soluble plant exudate has been preserved in the fossil record, potentially allowing us to recognise further biomolecules thought to be lost during the fossilisation process.
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