Commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory tract regulate susceptibility to infection.

Commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory tract regulate susceptibility to infection.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.010
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发表时间:
2020-10
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Clark SE
Clark SE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Clark SE

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人体是几种不同微生物群落的宿主。对这些社区的破坏增加了对各种疾病的易感性,包括呼吸道感染。虽然肠道中的肠道细菌有助于这种效应,但最近的研究指出,肠道细菌通过直接杀死病原体和改变鼻和肺的免疫稳态占据上呼吸道。探索“益生菌”呼吸道益生菌的临床试验是这一领域令人兴奋的进展。上呼吸道微生物组测序显示,在感染之前,该群落的不稳定性,表明个体的微生物组分析具有预测价值。呼吸道细菌-宿主相互作用的进一步研究对于将细菌介导的保护作用转化为呼吸道疾病的新治疗方法至关重要。
The human body is host to several distinct microbial communities. Disruption of these communities increases susceptibility to a wide range of diseases, including respiratory tract infections. While commensal bacteria in the gut contribute to this effect, recent studies point to a role for commensals occupying the upper respiratory tract through direct pathogen killing and by modifying nasal and lung immune homeostasis. Clinical trials exploring ‘probiotic’ respiratory tract commensals are an exciting development in this area. Upper respiratory tract microbiome sequencing has revealed that destabilization of this community precedes infection, indicating that microbiome profiling of individuals has predictive value. Further investigation of respiratory tract commensal–host interactions will be critical to translate bacterial-mediated protection toward new therapeutic approaches for respiratory tract disease.
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