Global Identification, Classification, and Expression Analysis of MAPKKK genes: Functional Characterization of MdRaf5 Reveals Evolution and Drought-Responsive Profile in Apple.
Global Identification, Classification, and Expression Analysis of MAPKKK genes: Functional Characterization of MdRaf5 Reveals Evolution and Drought-Responsive Profile in Apple.
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MAPKKK 基因的整体鉴定、分类和表达分析：MdRaf5 的功能表征揭示了苹果的进化和干旱响应特征
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-13627-2
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发表时间：
2017-10-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Zhang S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun M;Xu Y;Huang J;Jiang Z;Shu H;Wang H;Zhang S
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases，MAPKKKs）是丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（Mitogen-activated protein kinase，MAPK）级联反应的重要组成部分，在许多生物学过程中发挥重要作用。虽然MAPKKKs的全基因组分析已经在许多物种中进行，但在苹果中的现存结果很少。本研究首次在苹果中鉴定出Raf-like组72个、ZIK-like组11个和MEEK组37个MdMAPKKKs。预测的MdMAPKKKs分布在17条染色体上，分布密度不同，在进化群体内和群体间具有高度的保守性。令人鼓舞的是，12个选定的MdMAPKKKs的转录本中至少有一个测试的组织中表达，表明MdMAPKKKs可能参与苹果的各种生理和发育过程。此外，还发现它们在根和叶中对干旱胁迫有响应，这表明不同物种对干旱胁迫的反应可能是保守的。MdRaf 5的过表达导致对干旱胁迫的低敏感性，这至少部分是由于气孔关闭和蒸腾速率的调节。据我们所知，这是第一个苹果MdMAPKKK基因的全基因组功能分析，它提供了有价值的信息，了解MdMAPKKK信号和他们的推定功能。
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are pivotal components of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, which play a significant role in many biological processes. Although genome-wide analysis of MAPKKKs has been conducted in many species, extant results in apple are scarce. In this study, a total of 72 putative MdMAPKKKs in Raf-like group, 11 in ZIK-like group and 37 in MEEK were identified in apple firstly. Predicted MdMAPKKKs were located in 17 chromosomes with diverse densities, and there was a high-level of conservation in and among the evolutionary groups. Encouragingly, transcripts of 12 selected MdMAPKKKs were expressed in at least one of the tested tissues, indicating that MdMAPKKKs might participate in various physiological and developmental processes in apple. Moreover, they were found to respond to drought stress in roots and leaves, which suggested a possible conserved response to drought stress in different species. Overexpression of MdRaf5 resulted in a hyposensitivity to drought stress, which was at least partially due to the regulation of stomatal closure and transpiration rates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genome-wide functional analysis of the MdMAPKKK genes in apple, and it provides valuable information for understanding MdMAPKKKs signals and their putative functions.
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