Confronting, Representing, and Believing Counterintuitive Concepts: Navigating the Natural and the Supernatural.

Confronting, Representing, and Believing Counterintuitive Concepts: Navigating the Natural and the Supernatural.
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DOI:
10.1177/1745691613518078
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发表时间:
2014-03
期刊:
Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Harris PL
Harris PL
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lane JD;Harris PL

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最近的研究表明,即使是学龄前儿童也持怀疑态度;当其他人的主张与他们自己的感知和概念相冲突时,他们经常拒绝。然而,尽管他们持怀疑态度,儿童和成人都开始相信各种各样的现象,这些现象违背了他们对世界的第一手感知和直觉概念。在这篇综述中,我们将探讨儿童和成人如何获得这些概念。我们描述了一个类似的发展过程是如何成为自然和超自然世界的心理表征的基础,我们详细介绍了两个突出的超自然的反直觉的想法-上帝和来世的过程。在这样做的时候,我们强调这样一个事实,即概念的发展并不总是朝着更大的经验真理的方向发展,正如自然主义领域所描述的那样。我们考虑可能有助于克服怀疑的因素,并在这样做的过程中促进对反直觉现象的信念。这些因素包括学习者的素质、背景的各个方面、信息提供者的素质以及信息的素质。
Recent research shows that even preschoolers are skeptical; they frequently reject claims from other people when the claims conflict with their own perceptions and concepts. Yet, despite their skepticism, both children and adults come to believe in a variety of phenomena that defy their first-hand perceptions and intuitive conceptions of the world. In this review, we explore how children and adults acquire such concepts. We describe how a similar developmental process underlies mental representation of both the natural and the supernatural world, and we detail this process for two prominent supernatural counterintuitive ideas—God and the afterlife. In doing so, we highlight the fact that conceptual development does not always move in the direction of greater empirical truth, as described within naturalistic domains. We consider factors that likely help overcome skepticism, and in doing so promote belief in counterintuitive phenomena. These factors include qualities of the learners, aspects of the context, qualities of the informants, and qualities of the information.
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