ER Stress Proteins in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases.
ER Stress Proteins in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2012.00048
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Nagata K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morito D;Nagata K
在过去的二十年中，热休克蛋白（HSPs）与炎症反应和自身免疫有关。热休克蛋白最初被认为在细胞质中维持蛋白质质量控制。然而，它们也存在于细胞外，似乎作为炎症因子。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，其他类型的应激蛋白，如内质网（ER）应激蛋白，最初是在分泌途径中作为蛋白质质量控制因子，在炎症病变中被内质网应激诱导，也参与炎症和自身免疫。免疫球蛋白重链结合蛋白(Bip)/葡萄糖调节蛋白78 （GRP78）、钙连联蛋白、钙网蛋白、葡萄糖调节蛋白94 (GRP94)/gp96、氧调节蛋白150 (ORP150)/葡萄糖调节蛋白170 （GRP170）、同型半胱氨酸诱导的内质网蛋白（Herp）和热休克蛋白47 (hsp47)/Serpin H1、它们不仅在内质网表达，偶尔也在细胞表面表达，在自身免疫性和炎症性疾病中作为促炎因子或抗炎因子发挥病理生理作用。在这里，我们描述了内质网应激蛋白参与自身免疫和炎症的积累证据，并讨论了两类应激蛋白之间的关键差异。
Over the past two decades, heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been implicated in inflammatory responses and autoimmunity. HSPs were originally believed to maintain protein quality control in the cytosol. However, they also exist extracellularly and appear to act as inflammatory factors. Recently, a growing body of evidence suggested that the other class of stress proteins such as, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins, which originally act as protein quality control factors in the secretory pathway and are induced by ER stress in inflammatory lesions, also participate in inflammation and autoimmunity. The immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein (Bip)/glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), calnexin, calreticulin, glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94)/gp96, oxygen regulated protein 150 (ORP150)/glucose-regulated protein 170 (GRP170), homocysteine-induced ER protein (Herp) and heat shock protein 47 (hsp47)/Serpin H1, which are expressed not only in the ER but also occasionally at the cell surface play pathophysiological roles in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as pro- or anti-inflammatory factors. Here we describe the accumulating evidence of the participation of ER stress proteins in autoimmunity and inflammation and discuss the critical differences between the two classes of stress proteins.
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