Functional plasticity in chromosome-microtubule coupling on the evolutionary time scale.

Functional plasticity in chromosome-microtubule coupling on the evolutionary time scale.
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DOI:
10.26508/lsa.202201720
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发表时间:
2023-12
影响因子:
4.4
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学2区
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我们在DAM1复合体的一个亚单位中发现了一个致命的突变,DAM1复合体是酿酒酵母中的一种染色体-微管偶联剂,具有点着丝粒。然而,这种突变在区域着丝粒较长的生物体中是可以容忍的,可能是通过使用更多的微管来捕获每条染色体。DAM1复合体对于进化上不同的真菌的有丝分裂进程是必不可少的。通过分析DAM1复合亚单位Dad2的氨基酸序列,我们发现了一个保守的10-AA长的Dad2特征序列(DSS)。在具有点着丝粒的酿酒酵母中,DSS中的精氨酸残基(R126)是生存所必需的。相应的精氨酸残基在功能上是重要的,但对白色念珠菌和新生隐球菌的生存来说并不是必需的;两者都携带几千碱基长的区域着丝粒。纯化的含有DAD2ΔDSS或DAD2R126A的重组DAM1复合体不能结合微管,也不能形成类似WT复合体的可见环。有趣的是,功能分析显示,随着着丝粒长度的增加,染色体双向定位和有丝分裂进程对保守的精氨酸残基的需求减少。我们认为,在具有区域着丝粒的生物中,DAD2不变精氨酸的可塑性是通过有条件地上调动粒蛋白(S)使多个动粒MT结合到每条染色体上实现的。染色体与多个动粒MT结合的能力可能会掩盖这种致命突变的有害影响。
We identify a lethal mutation in a subunit of the Dam1 complex, a chromosome–microtubule coupler in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with point centromeres. However, this mutation is tolerated in organisms with longer regional centromeres, possibly by employing more microtubules to capture each chromosome. The Dam1 complex is essential for mitotic progression across evolutionarily divergent fungi. Upon analyzing amino acid (aa) sequences of Dad2, a Dam1 complex subunit, we identified a conserved 10-aa–long Dad2 signature sequence (DSS). An arginine residue (R126) in the DSS is essential for viability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that possesses point centromeres. The corresponding arginine residues are functionally important but not essential for viability in Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans; both carry several kilobases long regional centromeres. The purified recombinant Dam1 complex containing either Dad2ΔDSS or Dad2R126A failed to bind microtubules (MTs) or form any visible rings like the WT complex. Intriguingly, functional analysis revealed that the requirement of the conserved arginine residue for chromosome biorientation and mitotic progression reduced with increasing centromere length. We propose that plasticity of the invariant arginine of Dad2 in organisms with regional centromeres is achieved by conditional elevation of the kinetochore protein(s) to enable multiple kinetochore MTs to bind to each chromosome. The capacity of a chromosome to bind multiple kinetochore MTs may mask the deleterious effects of such lethal mutations.
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