Lake sediment fecal and biomass burning biomarkers provide direct evidence for prehistoric human-lit fires in New Zealand.
Lake sediment fecal and biomass burning biomarkers provide direct evidence for prehistoric human-lit fires in New Zealand.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-30606-3
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发表时间：
2018-08-14
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Barbante C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Argiriadis E;Battistel D;McWethy DB;Vecchiato M;Kirchgeorg T;Kehrwald NM;Whitlock C;Wilmshurst JM;Barbante C
与新西兰最初定居有关的森林砍伐是人类如何通过火灾改变景观的一个戏剧性例子。然而，在大多数大陆遗址中，将早期人类存在与土地覆盖变化联系起来的证据是推断性的。我们采用多代理方法重建了新西兰南岛过去一千年的人为土地利用，使用粪便和植物甾醇作为人类活动的指标，单糖酐、多环芳烃、木炭和花粉作为湖泊沉积物岩芯中火灾和植被变化的示踪剂。我们的数据提供了在森林砍伐时期当地人类在柯克帕特里克湖和钻石湖流域存在的直接记录，以及人类与森林砍伐有关的新的和更有力的案例。第一次检测到人类的存在与大约公元1350年的木炭和生物标志物证据相匹配。此后不久，固醇含量下降到表明人类零星存在的水平，然后在欧洲人定居后上升到前所未有的水平。我们的研究结果证实，人类最初到达新西兰与短暂而激烈的燃烧活动有关。在确定的火灾历史背景下测试我们的方法为理解更复杂的大陆重建中的因果关系提供了一个新的工具。
Deforestation associated with the initial settlement of New Zealand is a dramatic example of how humans can alter landscapes through fire. However, evidence linking early human presence and land-cover change is inferential in most continental sites. We employed a multi-proxy approach to reconstruct anthropogenic land use in New Zealand’s South Island over the last millennium using fecal and plant sterols as indicators of human activity and monosaccharide anhydrides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, charcoal and pollen as tracers of fire and vegetation change in lake-sediment cores. Our data provide a direct record of local human presence in Lake Kirkpatrick and Lake Diamond watersheds at the time of deforestation and a new and stronger case of human agency linked with forest clearance. The first detection of human presence matches charcoal and biomarker evidence for initial burning at c. AD 1350. Sterols decreased shortly after to values suggesting the sporadic presence of people and then rose to unprecedented levels after the European settlement. Our results confirm that initial human arrival in New Zealand was associated with brief and intense burning activities. Testing our approach in a context of well-established fire history provides a new tool for understanding cause-effect relationships in more complex continental reconstructions.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Bowman DM;Balch J;Artaxo P;Bond WJ;Cochrane MA;D'Antonio CM;Defries R;Johnston FH;Keeley JE;Krawchuk MA;Kull CA;Mack M;Moritz MA;Pyne S;Roos CI;Scott AC;Sodhi NS;Swetnam TW;Whittaker R
通讯作者：
Whittaker R
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
BETHELL, PH;GOAD, LJ;OTTAWAY, J
通讯作者：
OTTAWAY, J
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9876.2008.00623.x
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Haslett, John;Parnell, Andrew
通讯作者：
Parnell, Andrew
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Battistel, Dario;Piazza, Rossano;Barbante, Carlo
通讯作者：
Barbante, Carlo
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Butler, Kevin
通讯作者：
Butler, Kevin