Sex Chromosome Differentiation in Some Species of Lepidoptera (Insecta)
Sex Chromosome Differentiation in Some Species of Lepidoptera (Insecta)
复制标题
鳞翅目（昆虫纲）某些物种的性染色体分化
作者：
W. Traut;F. Marec
对8种鳞翅目昆虫的性染色体形态进行了研究，主要利用粗线期，此时的染色体显示出显著的染色单体模式。6种植物具有WZ/ZZ性染色体系统，1种具有W1W2Z/ZZ系统，1种为Z/ZZ型。鳞翅目昆虫的性染色体表现出不同程度的结构分化，与雄性异交群体中的XY染色体非常相似。Z和W染色体模式的差异从无法检测到的到明显不同的。W染色体(W1W2Z/ZZ系统中的W1)的一个共同特征是拥有一块异染色质。异染色质块包括W的一小段或大段，甚至整个W，这取决于物种。具有明显结构同源性的片段是性染色体的进化年轻部分-最近融合的常染色体，没有足够的时间进行分化。鳞翅目昆虫的原始物种Calthella Micropterix calthella具有Z/ZZ性染色体系统。这支持了鳞翅目W染色体起源于高级鳞翅目的假设；它可能是一个常染色体，其同源物与原始Z染色体融合在一起。
Sex chromosome morphology of eight Lepidoptera species was studied, exploiting predominantly the pachytene stage when chromosomes display a remarkable chromomere pattern. Six species had a WZ/ZZ sex chromosome system, one species a W1W2Z/ZZ system and one species was of the Z/ZZ type. Much like XY chromosomes in groups with male heterogamety, the lepidopteran sex chromosomes showed various degrees of structural differentiation. Differences between Z and W chromomere patterns ranged from undetectable to obviously non-homologous. A common property of the W chromosomes (the W1 in the W1W2Z/ZZ system) was the possession of a block of heterochromatin. The heterochromatin block comprised a small or a large segment of the W or even the entire W, depending on the species. Segments with apparent structural homology are evolutionarily young parts of the sex chromosomes — recently fused autosomes that have not had sufficient time for differentiation. The ‘primitive’ lepidopteran species Micropterix calthella had a Z/ZZ sex chromosome system. This supports the hypothesis that the lepidopteran W chromosome came into being at the base of the ‘advanced’ Lepidoptera; it was presumably an autosome whose homologue fused to the original Z chromosome.
性染色体进化的新模型。
DOI：
10.1126/science.abn7410
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
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作者：
Muralidhar,Pavitra;Veller,Carl
通讯作者：
Veller,Carl