The impact of neighborhoods and schools on young people’s occupational aspirations
The impact of neighborhoods and schools on young people’s occupational aspirations
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社区和学校对年轻人职业抱负的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.006
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
W. Ludwig-Mayerhofer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Ludwig-Mayerhofer
在本文中，我们研究德国年轻人的职业抱负和社区和学校在解释这些愿望的意义。我们的目标是显示（一）这两种情况下是更重要的，在这方面和（二）这些背景的机制特性变得相关的青年的行动，或者更准确地说，预期的行动。我们通过多层次模型进行分析。合并数据从德国的国家教育小组研究九年级学生的微观地理数据的住宅小区，使我们能够考虑的微观以及中观和宏观层面的特点。结果表明，学校环境比他们居住的社区对年轻人的愿望有更大的影响。这可能反映了年轻人被选择进入不同学校类型，这是德国的特点，德国是一个学校制度高度分层的国家。学校不仅影响青年人的职业期望，而且也是二次社会化的重要场所，因为学校影响青年人对特定职业的偏好。此外，我们发现的证据表明，渴望高地位职业的社会压力因学校的社会构成以及社区背景而异;然而，社区的影响是相当弱的。
In this paper we examine young Germans’ occupational aspirations and the significance of neighborhoods and schools in explaining these aspirations. We aim to show (i) which of the two contexts is more significant in this regard and (ii) by which mechanisms characteristics of these contexts become relevant for youths’ actions or, more precisely, anticipated actions. We conduct our analyses by means of multilevel models. Merging data from Germany’s National Educational Panel Study on 9th grade students with micro-geographic data on residential quarters allows us to consider characteristics of the micro- as well as the meso- and macro-levels. The results show that the school context is considerably more influential on young people’s aspirations than the neighborhoods where they live. This probably reflects the selection of young people into different school types that is characteristic of Germany, a country with a highly stratified school system. Schools do not only shape youths’ career expectations; they are also important places of secondary socialization in that they have an impact on youths’ preferences for particular occupations. Furthermore, we found evidence that the social pressure to aspire high status occupations varies by social composition of the school as well as of the neighborhood context; the effect of neighborhoods, however, is rather weak.
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追求学校精神
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
C. Donnelly
通讯作者：
C. Donnelly
为什么需要桥梁假设
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Esser
通讯作者：
H. Esser
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brooke E. Sykes;S. Musterd
通讯作者：
S. Musterd
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Hodkinson, P;Sparkes, AC
通讯作者：
Sparkes, AC
DOI：
10.2307/2295455
发表时间：
1988-01
期刊：
Journal of Negro Education
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bernard C. Watson;W. Wilson
通讯作者：
Bernard C. Watson;W. Wilson