Total synthesis of the spirocyclic imine marine toxin (-)-gymnodimine and an unnatural C4-epimer.

Total synthesis of the spirocyclic imine marine toxin (-)-gymnodimine and an unnatural C4-epimer.
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DOI:
10.1021/ja207385y
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发表时间:
2011-12-14
影响因子:
15
通讯作者:
Romo, Daniel
Romo, Daniel
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kong, Ke;Moussa, Ziad;Lee, Changsuk;Romo, Daniel

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海洋毒素 (−)-gymnodimine (1) 的首次全合成已以收敛方式完成。双恶唑啉 Cu(II) 催化剂催化的高度非对映和对映选择性外狄尔斯-阿尔德反应能够快速组装裸二胺的螺环核心。四氢呋喃片段的制备利用基于手性助剂的抗羟醛反应。然后通过有效的 Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi 反应偶联两个主要片段,螺内酰胺 56 和四氢呋喃 55。采用非常规的环境温度t-BuLi引发的烷基碘64的分子内Barbier反应来形成大环。硅氧基呋喃与复杂的环己酮 83 的后期插烯 Mukaiyama 羟醛加成添加了丁烯内酯,并经过一些额外的步骤提供了 (−)-gymnodimine (1)。还合成了天然产物的非对映异构体,C4-表-裸二胺 (90),衍生自插烯 Mukaiyama 羟醛加成。
The first total synthesis of the marine toxin (−)-gymnodimine (1) has been accomplished in a convergent manner. A highly diastereo- and enantioselective exo-Diels–Alder reaction catalyzed by a bis-oxazoline Cu(II) catalyst enabled rapid assembly of the spirocyclic core of gymnodimine. The preparation of the tetrahydrofuran fragment utilized a chiral auxiliary based anti-aldol reaction. Two major fragments, spirolactam 56 and tetrahydrofuran 55, were then coupled through an efficient Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi reaction. An unconventional, ambient temperature t-BuLi-initiated intramolecular Barbier reaction of alkyl iodide 64 was employed to form the macrocycle. A late stage vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol addition of a silyloxyfuran to a complex cyclohexanone 83 appended the butenolide and a few additional steps provided (−)-gymnodimine (1). A diastereomer of the natural product was also synthesized, C4-epi-gymnodimine (90), derived from the vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol addition.
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发表时间: 2011-07-13
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