Evolution of trees and mycorrhizal fungi intensifies silicate mineral weathering.
Evolution of trees and mycorrhizal fungi intensifies silicate mineral weathering.
复制标题
树木和菌根真菌的进化加剧了硅酸盐矿物风化。
DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2012.0503
复制
发表时间：
2012-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Leake JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quirk J;Beerling DJ;Banwart SA;Kakonyi G;Romero-Gonzalez ME;Leake JR
森林生态系统在350多年前多样化，成为大陆硅酸盐风化的主要引擎，通过将钙输出到海洋碳酸盐中来调节地球大气中的二氧化碳浓度。我们对成熟树木的实地实验表明，随着树木谱系与其共生菌根真菌的多样化，这种风化引擎会加剧。含硅酸钙岩石玄武岩的优先菌丝定植随着丛枝菌根（AM）到后来独立进化的外生菌根（EM）真菌以及从裸子植物到被子植物宿主的进化而逐渐增加。这导致AM和EM真菌对硅酸盐矿物表面的“挖沟”，EM裸子植物和被子植物从玄武岩中释放钙的速度是AM裸子植物的两倍。我们的研究结果表明，菌根驱动的风化可能比之前认识到的要早数亿年，随后随着树木和菌根的进化而加剧，从而影响了地球的长期二氧化碳和气候历史。
Forested ecosystems diversified more than 350 Ma to become major engines of continental silicate weathering, regulating the Earth's atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by driving calcium export into ocean carbonates. Our field experiments with mature trees demonstrate intensification of this weathering engine as tree lineages diversified in concert with their symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi. Preferential hyphal colonization of the calcium silicate-bearing rock, basalt, progressively increased with advancement from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) to later, independently evolved ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, and from gymnosperm to angiosperm hosts with both fungal groups. This led to ‘trenching’ of silicate mineral surfaces by AM and EM fungi, with EM gymnosperms and angiosperms releasing calcium from basalt at twice the rate of AM gymnosperms. Our findings indicate mycorrhiza-driven weathering may have originated hundreds of millions of years earlier than previously recognized and subsequently intensified with the evolution of trees and mycorrhizas to affect the Earth's long-term CO2 and climate history.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.09.004
发表时间：
2005-01-06
影响因子：
3
作者：
Cantrill, DJ;Poole, I
通讯作者：
Poole, I
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Crisp, Michael D.;Cook, Lyn G.
通讯作者：
Cook, Lyn G.
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Rosling, A;Lindahl, BD;Finlay, RD
通讯作者：
Finlay, RD
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bonneville, Steeve;Smits, Mark M.;Benning, Liane G.
通讯作者：
Benning, Liane G.
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2011.0251
发表时间：
2012-02-19
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Taylor, Lyla L.;Banwart, Steve A.;Beerling, David J.
通讯作者：
Beerling, David J.