Nitric Oxide-Releasing Alginates.

Nitric Oxide-Releasing Alginates.
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DOI:
10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00063
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发表时间:
2018-04-09
期刊:
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Schoenfisch MH
Schoenfisch MH
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ahonen MJR;Suchyta DJ;Zhu H;Schoenfisch MH

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低分子量和高分子量的海藻酸盐生物聚合物经过化学修饰,以储存和释放具有潜在治疗水平的一氧化氮(NO)。首先利用碳二亚胺化学方法,用一系列小分子烷基胺修饰羧酸官能团。随后,在碱性条件下,生成的仲胺通过与一氧化氮气体反应转化为N - 二氮烯鎓二醇盐一氧化氮供体。一氧化氮供体修饰的海藻酸盐储存量在0.4 - 0.6微摩尔一氧化氮·毫克⁻¹之间。在水溶液中,一氧化氮释放动力学各不相同(半衰期为0.3 - 13小时),取决于前体胺的结构。释放的一氧化氮对铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌显示出杀菌活性,病原体的根除效率取决于分子量和一氧化氮释放动力学。较低分子量(约5 kDa)的海藻酸盐与中等一氧化氮释放持续时间(半衰期约为4小时)相结合,可增强对浮游细菌和生物膜细菌的杀灭作用。在生物膜根除试验中,达到使细菌存活率降低5个对数所需的释放一氧化氮的海藻酸盐浓度下,对人呼吸道上皮(A549)细胞的毒性可忽略不计。
Low and high molecular weight alginate biopolymers were chemically modified to store and release potentially therapeutic levels of nitric oxide (NO). Carbodiimide chemistry was first used to modify carboxylic acid functional groups with a series of small molecule alkyl amines. The resulting secondary amines were subsequently converted to N-diazeniumdiolate NO donors via reaction with NO gas under basic conditions. NO donor-modified alginates stored between 0.4–0.6 µmol NO·mg−1. In aqueous solution, the NO-release kinetics were diverse (0.3–13 h half-lives), dependent on the precursor amine structure. The liberated NO showed bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with pathogen eradication efficiency dependent on both molecular weight and NO-release kinetics. The combination of lower molecular weight (~5 kDa) alginates with moderate NO-release durations (half-life of ~4 h) resulted in enhanced killing of both planktonic and biofilm-based bacteria. Toxicity against human respiratory epithelial (A549) cells proved negligible at NO-releasing alginate concentrations required to achieve a 5-log reduction in viability in the biofilm eradication assay.
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