Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled air using non-invasive embedded strips in masks.

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled air using non-invasive embedded strips in masks.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ajic.2022.01.010
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发表时间:
2022-08
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学3区
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--
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SARS-CoV-2于2019年出现,并导致一场大流行,导致全球数百万人感染。SARS-CoV-2检测的金标准是对呼吸道分泌物进行定量RT-qPCR检测病毒RNA(VRNA)。获取这些样本是侵入性的,对于那些患有口干症和其他健康状况的人来说可能是痛苦的,而且样本质量可能会有很大差异。通常只对有症状的人进行检测,即使没有症状的人可以有类似的病毒载量并有效地传播病毒。我们使用了一种非侵入性的方法来检测个体中的SARS-CoV-2,使用嵌入KN95口罩的聚乙烯醇(PVA)试纸。用定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应和传染性病毒检测PVA试纸检测SARS-CoV-2vRNA。我们展示了从病毒掺杂的PVA中高效地回收vRNA和传染性病毒,其检测限与鼻拭子样本相当。在感染者中,我们在PVA试纸上检测到人类和SARS-CoV-2RNA,但这些水平与戴口罩的时间长短、咳嗽或打喷嚏的次数或鼻拭子样本中的病毒水平无关。我们成功地培养了PVA相关病毒并对其进行了深度测序。这些结果表明,无论症状状态如何,使用PVA埋入口罩作为非侵入性平台检测COVID阳性患者呼出空气中的SARS-CoV-2是可行的。
SARS-CoV-2 emerged in 2019 and resulted in a pandemic causing millions of infections worldwide. Gold-standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection uses quantitative RT-qPCR on respiratory secretions to detect viral RNA (vRNA). Acquiring these samples is invasive, can be painful for those with xerostomia and other health conditions, and sample quality can vary greatly. Frequently only symptomatic individuals are tested even though asymptomatic individuals can have comparable viral loads and efficiently transmit virus. We utilized a non-invasive approach to detect SARS-CoV-2 in individuals, using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) strips embedded in KN95 masks. PVA strips were tested for SARS-CoV-2 vRNA via qRT-PCR and infectious virus. We show efficient recovery of vRNA and infectious virus from virus-spiked PVA with detection limits comparable to nasal swab samples. In infected individuals, we detect both human and SARS-CoV-2 RNA on PVA strips, however, these levels are not correlated with length of time mask was worn, number of times coughed or sneezed, or level of virus in nasal swab samples. We successfully cultured and deep-sequenced PVA-associated virus. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using PVA-embedded masks as a non-invasive platform for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in exhaled air in COVID-positive individuals regardless of symptom status.
SARS-CoV-2 感染的诊断。
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