Amazon Basin climate under global warming: the role of the sea surface temperature.
Amazon Basin climate under global warming: the role of the sea surface temperature.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2007.0037
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发表时间：
2008-05-27
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Cox, Peter M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris, Phil P.;Huntingford, Chris;Cox, Peter M.
哈德利中心耦合气候-碳循环模型（HadCM3LC）预测，未来人为温室气体排放将导致亚马逊雨林的损失。本研究利用HadCM3LC的大气分量来评估21世纪中期模拟海温（SST）变化在亚马逊流域气候变化中的作用。当使用完整的HadCM3LC海温异常（SSTAs）时，大气模式再现了HadCM3LC显示的亚马逊河流域气候变化，包括亚马逊河流域降雨的大部分减少。这种降雨变化被证明是热带大西洋和太平洋的ssta的综合影响，每个盆地的贡献大致相等。除成熟的南美季风（SAM）季节外，最大的降雨量减少发生在5月至10月。这种旱季反应是热带北大西洋相对于南部更快变暖和热带东太平洋温暖的海温的综合影响。相反，成熟SAM季降水对大西洋海温变化的微弱增强被大气对太平洋海温的响应所抑制。这种净雨季响应足以防止旱季土壤水分不足在SAM季节得到补充，导致常年土壤水分减少，并导致亚马逊流域年净初级生产力（NPP）减少30%。如果与全球平均海温变暖相关的气温升高3.5°C， NPP将进一步减少23%。
The Hadley Centre coupled climate–carbon cycle model (HadCM3LC) predicts loss of the Amazon rainforest in response to future anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, the atmospheric component of HadCM3LC is used to assess the role of simulated changes in mid-twenty-first century sea surface temperature (SST) in Amazon Basin climate change. When the full HadCM3LC SST anomalies (SSTAs) are used, the atmosphere model reproduces the Amazon Basin climate change exhibited by HadCM3LC, including much of the reduction in Amazon Basin rainfall. This rainfall change is shown to be the combined effect of SSTAs in both the tropical Atlantic and the Pacific, with roughly equal contributions from each basin. The greatest rainfall reduction occurs from May to October, outside of the mature South American monsoon (SAM) season. This dry season response is the combined effect of a more rapid warming of the tropical North Atlantic relative to the south, and warm SSTAs in the tropical east Pacific. Conversely, a weak enhancement of mature SAM season rainfall in response to Atlantic SST change is suppressed by the atmospheric response to Pacific SST. This net wet season response is sufficient to prevent dry season soil moisture deficits from being recharged through the SAM season, leading to a perennial soil moisture reduction and an associated 30% reduction in annual Amazon Basin net primary productivity (NPP). A further 23% NPP reduction occurs in response to a 3.5°C warmer air temperature associated with a global mean SST warming.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2007.0024
发表时间：
2008-05-27
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Good P;Lowe JA;Collins M;Moufouma-Okia W
通讯作者：
Moufouma-Okia W
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Parker, DE;Folland, CK;Jackson, M
通讯作者：
Jackson, M
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Pope, VD;Gallani, ML;Stratton, RA
通讯作者：
Stratton, RA
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Spencer, H;Slingo, JM;Davey, MK
通讯作者：
Davey, MK
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Betts, RA;Cox, PM;Jones, CD
通讯作者：
Jones, CD