The epidemiology of noncommunicable respiratory disease in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and North Africa.
The epidemiology of noncommunicable respiratory disease in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and North Africa.
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DOI：
10.4314/mmj.v29i2.24
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mortimer K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmed R;Robinson R;Mortimer K
非传染性疾病是一个日益严重的重大全球健康问题。世界卫生组织（世卫组织）估计，非传染性疾病占全球所有死亡人数的63%，其中390万人是由于慢性呼吸道疾病（CRD），特别是慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）。COPD现在是全球第三大最常见的死亡原因;其中90%的死亡发生在低收入和中等收入国家（LMIC）。COPD影响3.29亿人，几乎占世界人口的5%。此外，哮喘影响3.34亿人，再次占世界人口的近5%。有关撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）以及中东和北非（MENA）的COPD和哮喘流行病学的已发表文献有限。在撒哈拉以南非洲和中东和北非地区，这两种疾病的诊断不足和低估。撒哈拉以南非洲地区COPD的负担存在争议，报告提供了可变的患病率估计值，范围从4.1%到近22.2%。撒哈拉以南非洲和中东和北非国家报告的COPD死亡率相似，为每10万人口中有18人死亡（2001年数据）。哮喘是比COPD更不常见的死亡原因，但却是发病的主要原因;世卫组织估计，每年有250，000人死于哮喘，主要在中低收入国家，它仍然是全球儿童残疾的前20个原因。CRD的风险因素是遗传和环境;后者主要是空气污染暴露，包括烟草烟雾，家庭空气污染，室外空气污染和职业暴露。
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major and increasing global health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that NCDs represent 63% of all global deaths of which 3.9 million are due to chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in particular. COPD is now the third most common cause of death globally; 90% of these deaths occur in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). COPD affects 329 million people, almost 5% of the world's population. In addition, asthma affects 334 million people, again representing almost 5% of the world's population. There is limited literature published on the epidemiology of COPD and Asthma from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Both diseases are under-diagnosed and underestimated in both SSA and MENA regions. The burden of COPD in sub-Saharan Africa is disputed and reports offer variable prevalence estimates, ranging from 4.1% to almost 22.2%. SSA and MENA countries report similar mortality rates from COPD of 18 per 100,000 population (2001 data). Asthma is a less common cause of death than COPD but is a major cause of morbidity; WHO estimates that there are 250,000 deaths per year from asthma, mainly in LMICs and it remains in the top twenty causes of disability in children globally. Risk factors for CRD are genetic and environmental; the latter dominated by air pollution exposures including tobacco smoke, household air pollution, outdoor air pollution and occupational exposures.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Adeloye D;Chan KY;Rudan I;Campbell H
通讯作者：
Campbell H
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Al Zaabi, Ashraf;Asad, Faisal;Soriano, Joan B.
通讯作者：
Soriano, Joan B.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Asher MI;Stewart AW;Mallol J;Montefort S;Lai CK;Aït-Khaled N;Odhiambo J;ISAAC Phase One Study Group
通讯作者：
ISAAC Phase One Study Group
DOI：
10.5588/ijtld.15.0034
发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
4
作者：
Abramson, M. J.;Koplin, J.;Dharmage, S. C.
通讯作者：
Dharmage, S. C.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Al-Moamary MS;Alhaider SA;Idrees MM;Al Ghobain MO;Zeitouni MO;Al-Harbi AS;Yousef AA;Al-Matar H;Alorainy HS;Al-Hajjaj MS
通讯作者：
Al-Hajjaj MS