Ambient Conditions of Winter Thunderstorms in Japan to Reproduce Observed Gamma‐Ray Glow Energy Spectra
Ambient Conditions of Winter Thunderstorms in Japan to Reproduce Observed Gamma‐Ray Glow Energy Spectra
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日本冬季雷暴的环境条件可再现观测到的伽马射线辉光能谱
DOI：
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Enoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Diniz;Y. Wada;Y. Ohira;K. Nakazawa;M. Tsurumi;T. Enoto
雷雨云的电场改变了宇宙射线空气簇射的成分和能谱。特别是，雷暴加速带电粒子，导致地面伽马射线通量增强，称为伽马射线辉光。近年来，冬季雷云伽马射线观测合作项目在日本北陆地区的冬季雷暴中观测到了这种现象。目前的工作通过使用大气中粒子相互作用的蒙特卡罗模拟来检查产生先前检测到的伽马射线辉光的光谱特征所需的环境条件。我们关注三个参数，电场的强度和长度，以及带电区域下方的零场衰减区域的长度。在日本冬季雷暴中观测到的伽马射线发光的平均光谱需要接近 0.31 MV/m 的电场强度，略超过 0.284 MV/m 的相对论失控电子雪崩阈值。电场区域的垂直尺寸应相当于 1 公里。估计的衰减区域大小为 300-500 m，这是减少平均伽马射线辉光的低能光子通量所必需的。仍然存在大量可接受的简并参数集来形成类似的谱。
Electric field of thunderclouds modifies components and energy spectra of the cosmic‐ray air shower. In particular, thunderstorms accelerate charged particles, resulting in an enhancement of gamma‐ray fluxes on the ground, known as a gamma‐ray glow. This phenomenon has been observed in recent years by the Gamma‐Ray Observation of Winter THunderclouds collaboration from winter thunderstorms in the Hokuriku area of Japan. The present work examines the ambient conditions required to produce spectral features of the previously detected gamma‐ray glows, by using Monte Carlo simulations of particle interactions in the atmosphere. We focus on three parameters, the strength and length of the electric field, and the length of a null‐field attenuation region below the electrified region. The average spectrum of observed gamma‐ray glows in winter thunderstorms of Japan requires an electric field intensity close to 0.31 MV/m, slightly exceeding the Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanche threshold of 0.284 MV/m. The vertical size of the electric field region should be comparable to 1 km. The estimated attenuation region size is 300–500 m, necessary to reduce the low‐energy photon flux of the average gamma‐ray glows. There is still a wide range of acceptable parameter sets with degeneracy to make a similar spectrum.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Kerianne Nicoll
通讯作者：
Kerianne Nicoll