Clausal backgrounding and pronominal reference: A functionalist approach to c-command
Clausal backgrounding and pronominal reference: A functionalist approach to c-command
复制标题
从句背景和代词引用：c 命令的功能主义方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Bates
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Harris;E. Bates
说英语的人有强烈的直觉，代词作为句子的主语不能放在他们的所指之前(“她在Susan…之后发言”)。然而，从属从句中的代词可以放在它的所指之前(‘’After…，苏珊说话后‘)。根据政府和约束理论，这些直觉被归入c-命令原则，这是一种短语结构描述符，它成功地描述了不同的语法现象，被广泛解释为支持句法假设的自主性。我们调查了另一种观点，即句法信号(尤其是)前景/背景结构。在推断代词共指时，听者可以参考这一前景/背景信息。我们用进行体或…完成体作为主要从句的背景，如“当苏珊说完时，她已经说了好几个小时”。一项评级研究显示，当主句中的代词包含进行体或补足完成体时，主句中的代词被允许更频繁地共指。一项后续研究表明，When从属的构式语义和语义似然性对背景解释都有贡献。我们的实验并没有证伪c-Command，而是经验性地发展了长期以来的观点，即对句法结构(即形式原则)的概括可以受到形式和功能之间的相关性的影响。
English speakers' intuitions are strong that pronouns as sentence subjects may not precede their referents (" She spoke after Susan …"). However, a pronoun in a subordinate clause may precede its referent (''After she spoke, Susan …"). According to Government and Binding Theory, these intuitions are subsumed by the principle of c-command, a phrase structure descriptor whose success at describing diverse grammatical phenomena has been widely interpreted as support for the autonomy of syntax hypothesis. We investigate an alternative view, that syntax signals (inter alia) foregrounding/backgrounding structure. Listeners may consult this foregrounding/backgrounding information when inferring pronominal coreference. We backgrounded the main clause using progressive or pluperfect aspect, as in "She had been speaking for several hours when Susan …" A rating study showed coreference was allowed more frequently for pronouns in main clauses when those clauses contained progressive or pluperfect aspect. A follow-up study showed that the constructional semantics of when subordinates contributes to backgrounding interpretations, as does semantic plausibility. Our experiments do not falsify c-command, but rather empirically develop the long-standing view that generalisations about syntactic structures (i.e. formal principles) can be motivated by correlations between form and function.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.19.3.528
发表时间：
1993-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
TRUESWELL, JC;TANENHAUS, MK;KELLO, C
通讯作者：
KELLO, C