A systematic review of the impact of genetic counseling on risk perception accuracy.
A systematic review of the impact of genetic counseling on risk perception accuracy.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10897-008-9210-z
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发表时间：
2009-06
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
de Vries H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smerecnik CM;Mesters I;Verweij E;de Vries NK;de Vries H
本文综述了2000年1月至2007年2月间发表的论文中遗传咨询对风险认知准确性的影响。结果表明，遗传咨询可能对风险感知准确性产生积极影响，尽管一些研究观察到根本没有影响，或者只对低风险参与者有影响。可以推断出对未来研究的几个影响。首先，未来的研究人员应该将风险感知的变化与客观的风险估计联系起来，将风险感知准确性定义为正确的建议风险估计，并报告正确估计风险的个体比例和风险的平均高估。其次，由于对咨询会议的描述普遍较差，未来的研究应包括更详细的描述这些会议，并将其内容与风险感知结果联系起来，以便解释结果。最后，遗传咨询的效果应该在更广泛的遗传条件下进行检查。遗传咨询师应提供必要的背景下，咨询可以理解的风险信息，使用口头和数字的风险估计沟通个人的风险信息，并使用视觉教具时，沟通数字风险信息。
This review presents an overview of the impact of genetic counseling on risk perception accuracy in papers published between January 2000 and February 2007. The results suggest that genetic counseling may have a positive impact on risk perception accuracy, though some studies observed no impact at all, or only for low-risk participants. Several implications for future research can be deduced. First, future researchers should link risk perception changes to objective risk estimates, define risk perception accuracy as the correct counseled risk estimate, and report both the proportion of individuals who correctly estimate their risk and the average overestimation of the risk. Second, as the descriptions of the counseling sessions were generally poor, future research should include more detailed description of these sessions and link their content to risk perception outcomes to allow interpretation of the results. Finally, the effect of genetic counseling should be examined for a wider variety of hereditary conditions. Genetic counselors should provide the necessary context in which counselees can understand risk information, use both verbal and numerical risk estimates to communicate personal risk information, and use visual aids when communicating numerical risk information.
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