Visual motion perception as online hierarchical inference.

Visual motion perception as online hierarchical inference.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-34805-5
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发表时间:
2022-12-01
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Drugowitsch, Jan
Drugowitsch, Jan
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bill, Johannes;Gershman, Samuel J.;Drugowitsch, Jan

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识别环境中运动关系的结构对于导航、跟踪、预测和追踪至关重要。然而,人们对心理和神经计算知之甚少,这些计算使视觉系统能够从不稳定的视觉信息流中在线推断出这种结构。我们提出在线分层贝叶斯推理作为大脑如何解决这个复杂的感知任务的原则性解决方案。我们推导出一个在线的期望最大化算法,定性和定量地解释人类感知的一组不同的刺激,包括经典的心理物理学实验,模糊的运动场景,和虚幻的运动显示。我们从而确定人类运动结构感知的起源规范的解释,并为未来的心理物理学实验可检验的预测。所提出的在线分层推理模型还提供了一个神经网络实现,该实现与运动敏感的皮层区域共享属性,并激励有针对性的实验来揭示潜在结构的神经表征。人类视觉系统如何利用物体运动中丰富的结构来感知仍然不清楚。在这里,比尔等人提出了一个关于大脑如何在真实的时间内推断运动关系的理论,并为各种感知现象提供了统一的解释。
Identifying the structure of motion relations in the environment is critical for navigation, tracking, prediction, and pursuit. Yet, little is known about the mental and neural computations that allow the visual system to infer this structure online from a volatile stream of visual information. We propose online hierarchical Bayesian inference as a principled solution for how the brain might solve this complex perceptual task. We derive an online Expectation-Maximization algorithm that explains human percepts qualitatively and quantitatively for a diverse set of stimuli, covering classical psychophysics experiments, ambiguous motion scenes, and illusory motion displays. We thereby identify normative explanations for the origin of human motion structure perception and make testable predictions for future psychophysics experiments. The proposed online hierarchical inference model furthermore affords a neural network implementation which shares properties with motion-sensitive cortical areas and motivates targeted experiments to reveal the neural representations of latent structure. How the human visual system leverages the rich structure in object motion for perception remains unclear. Here, Bill et al. propose a theory of how the brain could infer motion relations in real time and offer a unifying explanation for various perceptual phenomena.
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