Opposing pressures of climate and land‐use change on a native bee
Opposing pressures of climate and land‐use change on a native bee
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气候和土地利用变化对本土蜜蜂产生的相反压力
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.15468
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Rehan, Sandra M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelemen, Evan P.;Rehan, Sandra M.
人类活动正在迅速改变环境，没有反应的物种面临更高的灭绝风险。物种可以通过改变它们的行为、改变它们的分布或改变它们的形态来响应环境的变化。最近的形态反应通常通过身体大小的变化来衡量。体型的变化通常被归因于气候变化，但也可能是由于与当地土地利用变化相关的可用资源的差异。在小型木工蜜蜂Ceratina calcarata的种群中，温度和土地利用的影响可能是分离的，它们经历了农业和城市覆盖的变化，而不受气候变化的影响。我们研究了这种蜜蜂的形态在过去118年(1902-2019年)与气候变化有关的变化，以及过去45年(1974-2019年)与农业和城市覆盖有关的变化。在这段时间里，夏季的气温上升了。我们发现，雄性和雌性的体型都随着温度的升高而减小。男性的体型也随着农业的扩张而减少。然而，女性的体型随着农业的扩张而增加。这些结果表明，气温的升高与女性体型的减少有关，而与预测相反，农业用地可能会选择女性体型的增加。这些相反的压力同时作用，如果随着气温的持续上升，选择大型蜜蜂是不可持续的，可能会导致蜜蜂从农业栖息地灭绝。此外，本研究强调，在考察气候变化的相互作用所产生的影响时，需要考虑多种环境应激源。
Anthropogenic activities are rapidly changing the environment, and species that do not respond face a higher risk of extinction. Species may respond to environmental changes by modifying their behaviors, shifting their distributions, or changing their morphology. Recent morphological responses are often measured by changes in body size. Changes in body size are often attributed to climate change, but may instead be due to differences in available resources associated with changes in local land‐use. The effects of temperature and land‐use can be uncoupled in populations of the small carpenter beeCeratina calcarata, which have experienced changes in agricultural and urban cover independent of climate change. We studied how the morphology of this bee has changed over the past 118 years (1902–2019) in relation to climate change and the past 45 years (1974–2019) in relation to agricultural and urban cover. Over this time, summer temperatures increased. We found that male and female size decreased with increasing temperature. Male size also decreased with agricultural expansion. Female size, however, increased with agricultural expansion. These results suggest that rising temperatures correlate with a decrease in female body size, while, opposite to predicted, agricultural land‐use may select for increased female body size. These opposing pressures act concurrently and may result in bee extirpation from agricultural habitats if selection for large sizes is unsustainable as temperatures continue to increase. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the need to consider multiple environmental stressors when examining the effects of climate change due to their interactions.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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