Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: An up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes.

Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: An up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes.
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DOI:
10.3748/wjg.v22.i34.7824
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发表时间:
2016-09-14
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Cacciapuoti C
Cacciapuoti C
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Petruzziello A;Marigliano S;Loquercio G;Cozzolino A;Cacciapuoti C

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回顾全球丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 流行率和基因型分布。我们进行了一项系统研究,这是量化全球 HCV 流行病学的最全面的工作之一,使用了 2000 年至 2015 年间来自 138 个国家(约占全球人口的 90%)的最佳可用公布数据,按照全球疾病负担项目 (GBD) 的定义,分为 20 个地理区域(不包括大洋洲)。我们无法获得 HCV 基因型流行率数据的国家被排除在区域比例计算之外,尽管在生成区域基因型流行率估计值时,这些国家的人口已包含在每个区域的总人口规模中。全球 HCV 总患病率估计为 2.5%(1.775 亿 HCV 感染成年人),非洲为 2.9%,美洲为 1.3%;全球病毒血症率为 67%(1.189 亿 HCV RNA 阳性病例),亚洲为 64.4%,澳大利亚为 74.8%。 HCV 基因型 1 在全球范围内最为流行 (49.1%),其次是基因型 3 (17.9%)、4 (16.8%) 和 2 (11.0%)。基因型 5 和 6 占剩余 < 5% 的比例。虽然基因型 1 和 3 在全世界都很常见,但基因型 4 和 5 所占比例最大的是低收入国家。尽管 HCV 基因型 1 和 3 感染在全球最为普遍(如果一起考虑,则为 67.0%),但其他基因型在低收入国家更为常见,这些国家仍占 HCV 病例的很大一部分。更准确地了解 HCV 基因型分布将有助于更好地为国家医疗保健模式提供信息,以改善获得新治疗的机会。
To review Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide. We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology, using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries (about 90% of the global population), grouped in 20 geographical areas (with the exclusion of Oceania), as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project (GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions, although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates. Total global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5% (177.5 million of HCV infected adults), ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas, with a global viraemic rate of 67% (118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases), varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide (49.1%), followed by genotype 3 (17.9%), 4 (16.8%) and 2 (11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide, the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally (67.0% if considered together), other genotypes are found more commonly in lower-income countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases. A more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments.
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