Dietary fat and carbohydrates differentially alter insulin sensitivity during caloric restriction.
Dietary fat and carbohydrates differentially alter insulin sensitivity during caloric restriction.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.gastro.2009.01.048
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Klein S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirk E;Reeds DN;Finck BN;Mayurranjan SM;Patterson BW;Klein S
我们确定了低脂肪、高碳水化合物饮食或低碳水化合物饮食的急性和慢性热量限制对肝脏和骨骼肌胰岛素敏感性的影响。 22 名肥胖受试者（体重指数，36.5±0.8kg/m2）被随机分配至高碳水化合物（>180g/d）或低碳水化合物（<60g/d）能量不足饮食。使用正常血糖-高胰岛素钳夹、肌肉活检和磁共振波谱来确定饮食治疗之前、48 小时后和约 11 周（体重减轻 7%）后的胰岛素作用、细胞胰岛素信号传导和肝内甘油三酯含量。 48小时时，低碳水化合物饮食组的肝内甘油三酯含量比高碳水化合物饮食组下降更多（29.6±4.8% vs. 8.9±1.4%；P<0.05），但体重减轻7%后两组相似（低碳水化合物饮食为38.0±4.5% vs高碳水化合物饮食为44.5±13.5%）。低碳水化合物饮食组的基础葡萄糖生成率在48小时时比高碳水化合物饮食组下降更多（23.4±2.2% vs. 7.2±1.4%，P<0.05）和7%减重后（20.0±2.4% vs. 7.9±1.2%，P<0.05）。胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取在48小时时没有变化，但在体重减轻7%后两组的增加相似（48.4±14.3%，P<0.05）。在两组中，体重减轻 7% 后，胰岛素刺激的 Jun N 末端激酶磷酸化降低了 29±13%，Akt 和胰岛素受体底物 -1 的磷酸化分别增加了 35±9% 和 36±9%（均 p<0.05）。适度的热量限制会导致肝脏和骨骼肌代谢的暂时变化； 48小时的热量限制会影响肝脏（肝内甘油三酯含量、肝脏胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖产生），而适度的体重减轻会影响肌肉（胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取和胰岛素信号传导）。
We determined the effects of acute and chronic calorie restriction with either a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet or a low-carbohydrate diet on hepatic and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. Twenty-two obese subjects (body-mass index, 36.5±0.8kg/m2) were randomized to a high-carbohydrate (>180g/d) or low-carbohydrate (<60g/d) energy-deficit diet. A euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp, muscle biopsies, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to determine insulin action, cellular insulin signaling and intrahepatic triglyceride content before, after 48 h, and after ~11 wks (7% weight loss) of diet therapy. At 48 h, intrahepatic triglyceride content decreased more in the low-carbohydrate than the high-carbohydrate diet group (29.6±4.8% vs. 8.9±1.4%; P<0.05), but was similar in both groups after 7% weight loss (low-carbohydrate diet, 38.0±4.5% vs. high-carbohydrate diet, 44.5±13.5%). Basal glucose production rate decreased more in the low-carbohydrate than the high-carbohydrate diet group at 48 h (23.4±2.2% vs. 7.2±1.4%, P<0.05) and after 7% weight loss (20.0±2.4% vs. 7.9±1.2%, P<0.05). Insulin-mediated glucose uptake did not change at 48 h, but increased similarly in both groups after 7% weight loss (48.4±14.3%, P<0.05). In both groups, insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase decreased by 29±13% and phosphorylation of Akt and insulin receptor substrate -1 increased by 35±9% and 36±9%, respectively, after 7% weight loss (all p<0.05). Moderate calorie restriction causes temporal changes in liver and skeletal muscle metabolism; 48 h of calorie restriction affects the liver (intrahepatic triglyceride content, hepatic insulin sensitivity, and glucose production), whereas moderate weight loss affects muscle (insulin-mediated glucose uptake and insulin signaling).
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影响因子：
13.5
作者：
Fracanzani, Anna Ludovica;Valenti, Luca;Fargion, Silvia
通讯作者：
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