Target product profiles for protecting against outdoor malaria transmission.
Target product profiles for protecting against outdoor malaria transmission.
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-11-17
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发表时间：
2012-01-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Moore SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Killeen GF;Moore SJ
长效杀虫蚊帐 (LLIN) 和室内滞留喷雾剂 (IRS) 通过杀死室内饲养的蚊子来减少疟疾传播。然而，通过这些行之有效的方法完全消除疟疾传播却受到通过在户外进食来逃避农药接触的媒介的阻碍。对于任何假定的室内覆盖水平和杀虫产品的个人防护功效，过程显式疟疾传播模型表明，驱除蚊子的杀虫剂对传播的影响比直接杀死蚊子的杀虫剂要小。在这里，此类模型被扩展以探索室外使用含有接触毒素或空间驱虫剂的产品如何增强或减弱主要依赖于接触毒性的 LLIN 的高室内覆盖率的影响。空间驱虫剂的高覆盖率可以显着增强 LLIN 的影响，从而提供近乎完全的个人保护，但前提是可以避免在室内联合使用这两种措施，因为媒介仍然存在，更喜欢在室内以人类为食。虽然空间驱虫剂需要非常高水平的覆盖范围和功效才能大幅增强 LLIN 或 IRS 的影响，但这些雄心勃勃的目标很可能至少与使用接触性杀虫剂的同等影响的较低要求一样实际可实现。气相驱虫剂可能比接触性杀虫剂更容易被接受、更实用、更有效地预防户外疟疾传播，因为它们不需要涂在皮肤或衣服上，并且可以保护可处理结构（如网或房屋）外部空间的多个居住者。
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual sprays (IRS) have decimated malaria transmission by killing indoor-feeding mosquitoes. However, complete elimination of malaria transmission with these proven methods is confounded by vectors that evade pesticide contact by feeding outdoors. For any assumed level of indoor coverage and personal protective efficacy with insecticidal products, process-explicit malaria transmission models suggest that insecticides that repel mosquitoes will achieve less impact upon transmission than those that kill them outright. Here such models are extended to explore how outdoor use of products containing either contact toxins or spatial repellents might augment or attenuate impact of high indoor coverage of LLINs relying primarily upon contact toxicity. LLIN impact could be dramatically enhanced by high coverage with spatial repellents conferring near-complete personal protection, but only if combined indoor use of both measures can be avoided where vectors persist that prefer feeding indoors upon humans. While very high levels of coverage and efficacy will be required for spatial repellents to substantially augment the impact of LLINs or IRS, these ambitious targets may well be at least as practically achievable as the lower requirements for equivalent impact using contact insecticides. Vapour-phase repellents may be more acceptable, practical and effective than contact insecticides for preventing outdoor malaria transmission because they need not be applied to skin or clothing and may protect multiple occupants of spaces outside of treatable structures such as nets or houses.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2003.68.121
发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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