Occupational Segregation And Hypertension Inequity: The Implication Of The Inverse Hazard Law Among Healthcare Workers.
Occupational Segregation And Hypertension Inequity: The Implication Of The Inverse Hazard Law Among Healthcare Workers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s41996-022-00098-5
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dill J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chantarat T;Enns EA;Hardeman RR;McGovern PM;Myers SL Jr;Dill J
在美国，黑人（尤其是黑人女性）卫生保健工作者更有可能从事高工作要求、低工作控制、主管或同事支持有限的职业，并且比白人同行更容易失业。这些与工作相关的因素会增加患高血压的风险。本研究考察了职业隔离在多大程度上解释了医疗保健劳动力中高血压持续存在的种族不平等，以及劳动力废除种族隔离政策对健康的潜在影响。我们模拟了美国医疗保健工作人员的四个职业类别：健康诊断专业人员（即最高地位）、健康治疗专业人员、医疗保健技术人员和医疗保健助理（即最低地位）。我们模拟职业隔离，根据美国社区调查数据估计的种族和性别特定概率，将25岁的工人分配到职业类别。我们的模型使用职业类别属性和工人的健康行为来预测40年职业生涯中的高血压。我们跟踪了模拟工人在现状（职业隔离）和消除职业隔离的实验条件下的高血压患病率和黑人-白人患病率差距。我们发现，在实验中，黑人和白人的高血压患病率差距比在现状条件下缩小了大约一个百分点。这些发现表明，旨在消除医疗保健工作人员种族隔离的政策可能会减少这一人群中的种族健康不平等。我们的微观模拟可以在未来的研究中用于比较各种废除种族隔离政策，因为它们可能对工人的健康产生不同的影响。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1007/s41996-022-00098-5获得。
In the United States (US), Black—particularly Black female—healthcare workers are more likely to hold occupations with high job demand, low job control with limited support from supervisors or coworkers and are more vulnerable to job loss than their white counterparts. These work-related factors increase the risk of hypertension. This study examines the extent to which occupational segregation explains the persistent racial inequity in hypertension in the healthcare workforce and the potential health impact of workforce desegregation policies. We simulated a US healthcare workforce with four occupational classes: health diagnosing professionals (i.e., highest status), health treating professionals, healthcare technicians, and healthcare aides (i.e., lowest status). We simulated occupational segregation by allocating 25-year-old workers to occupational classes with the race- and gender-specific probabilities estimated from the American Community Survey data. Our model used occupational class attributes and workers’ health behaviors to predict hypertension over a 40-year career. We tracked the hypertension prevalence and the Black–white prevalence gap among the simulated workers under the staus quo condition (occupational segregation) and the experimental conditions in which occupational segregation was eliminated. We found that the Black–white hypertension prevalence gap became approximately one percentage point smaller in the experimental than in the status quo conditions. These findings suggest that policies designed to desegregate the healthcare workforce may reduce racial health inequities in this population. Our microsimulation may be used in future research to compare various desegregation policies as they may affect workers’ health differently. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41996-022-00098-5.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Clougherty JE;Eisen EA;Slade MD;Kawachi I;Cullen MR
通讯作者：
Cullen MR
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Chen YH;Glymour M;Riley A;Balmes J;Duchowny K;Harrison R;Matthay E;Bibbins-Domingo K
通讯作者：
Bibbins-Domingo K
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Bonham, VL;Sellers, SL;Neighbors, HW
通讯作者：
Neighbors, HW
DOI：
10.1146/annurev-economics-080614-115445
发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS, VOL 7
影响因子：
--
作者：
Arcidiacono, Peter;Lovenheim, Michael;Zhu, Maria
通讯作者：
Zhu, Maria
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Fontenot, Justin;McMurray, Patrick
通讯作者：
McMurray, Patrick