IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) and its role in immune regulation.

IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) and its role in immune regulation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbi.2012.11.006
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发表时间:
2013-08
影响因子:
15.1
通讯作者:
Freund, Gregory G.
Freund, Gregory G.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Peters, Vanessa A.;Joesting, Jennifer J.;Freund, Gregory G.

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细胞因子IL-1对多种人类病症和疾病的发病机理至关重要。与大多数其他细胞因子不同,IL-1由两种内源性抑制剂平衡。IL-1受体拮抗剂(IL-1 RA)的功能意义是有据可查的,由于临床使用的重组人IL-1 RA类似物,阿那白滞素。相比之下,对2型IL-1受体(IL-1 R2)的了解要少得多,IL-1 R2是IL-1的诱饵受体。虽然IL-1 R2在结构上类似于负责IL-1信号转导的1型IL-1受体(IL-1 R1),但其截短的胞质结构域和Toll-IL-1受体(TIR)区的缺乏使得IL-1 R2不能跨膜信号传导。IL-1 R2与IL-1 R1竞争配体和IL-1 R1共受体,IL-1受体辅助蛋白(IL-1 RAP)。此外,IL-1 R2以膜结合和可溶形式(sIL-1 R2)存在,其具有与诱饵受体和结合蛋白类似的生物学性质。到目前为止,IL-1 R2与关节炎、子宫内膜异位症、器官移植、败血症/病态行为、糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化、自身免疫性内耳疾病(AIED)、阿尔茨海默病和溃疡性结肠炎有关。在这篇综述中,我们将详细介绍IL-1 R2的功能特性,并研究其在人类疾病中的作用。
The cytokine IL-1 is critical to the pathogenesis of a variety of human conditions and diseases. Unlike most other cytokines, IL-1 is counterbalanced by two endogenous inhibitors. The functional significance of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is well documented due to the clinical utilization of the recombinant human IL-1RA analog, anakinra. In contrast, much less is known about the type 2 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R2), which acts as a decoy receptor for IL-1. While IL-1R2 is structurally similar to the type 1 IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1) responsible for IL-1 signal transduction, its truncated cytoplasmic domain and lack of Toll-IL-1 receptor (TIR) region renders IL-1R2 incapable of transmembrane signaling. IL-1R2 competes with IL-1R1 for ligands and for the IL-1R1 co-receptor, IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP). Additionally, IL-1R2 exists in both a membrane bound and soluble form (sIL-1R2) that has biological properties similar to both a decoy receptor and a binding protein. Thus far, IL-1R2 has been implicated in arthritis, endometriosis, organ transplantation, sepsis/sickness behavior, diabetes, atherosclerosis, autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED), Alzheimer’s disease and ulcerative colitis. In this review, we will detail the functional properties of IL-1R2 and examine its role in human disease.
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