Neurobiological studies of fatigue.

Neurobiological studies of fatigue.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.07.004
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发表时间:
2012-11
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Harrington, Mary E.
Harrington, Mary E.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harrington, Mary E.

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疲劳是一种与许多疾病相关的症状,在女性和老年人中尤其常见,并且可能对生活质量产生巨大的负面影响。虽然过去大多数关于疲劳的研究使用人类受试者而不是动物模型,但最近使用适当的动物模型开始推进我们对疲劳的神经生物学的理解。在这篇综述中,结果从动物模型使用免疫学,发育,或物理方法来研究疲劳进行了描述和比较。这些动物模型的共同点是,当刺激诱导大脑中小胶质细胞活化和/或细胞因子和趋化因子增加时,会出现疲劳。神经生物学研究涉及的结构在上升唤醒系统,睡眠执行控制区,并在奖励的重要领域。此外,视交叉上核显然在调节疲劳的神经网络的稳态调节中起着重要作用。这个核对细胞因子有反应,在疲劳模型中显示出降低的幅度放电率输出,并对运动有反应,这是我们为数不多的疲劳治疗方法之一。这是一个年轻的领域,但非常重要,因为疲劳的症状在许多疾病中很常见,我们没有有效的治疗方法。
Fatigue is a symptom associated with many disorders, is especially common in women and in older adults, and can have a huge negative influence on quality of life. Although most past research on fatigue uses human subjects instead of animal models, the use of appropriate animal models has recently begun to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of fatigue. In this review, results from animal models using immunological, developmental, or physical approaches to study fatigue are described and compared. Common across these animal models is that fatigue arises when a stimulus induces activation of microglia and/or increased cytokines and chemokines in the brain. Neurobiological studies implicate structures in the ascending arousal system, sleep executive control areas, and areas important in reward. In addition, the suprachiasmatic nucleus clearly plays an important role in homeostatic regulation of the neural network mediating fatigue. This nucleus responds to cytokines, shows decreased amplitude firing rate output in models of fatigue, and responds to exercise, one of our few treatments for fatigue. This is a young field but very important as the symptom of fatigue is common across many disorders and we do not have effective treatments.
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