Differential activation mechanisms of lipid GPCRs by lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate.

Differential activation mechanisms of lipid GPCRs by lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-28417-2
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发表时间:
2022-02-08
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Huang XY
Huang XY
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu S;Paknejad N;Zhu L;Kihara Y;Ray M;Chun J;Liu W;Hite RK;Huang XY

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溶血磷脂是生物活性脂质,可以通过G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)发出信号。研究得最好的溶血磷脂是溶血磷脂酸(LPA)和1-磷酸鞘氨醇(S1 P)。活性GPCR识别溶血磷脂的机制以及溶血磷脂GPCR-G-蛋白复合物的激活机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们报告了人S1 P受体1(S1 P1)和与结合的S1 P或多发性硬化症(MS)治疗药物西波莫德形成的异源三聚体Gi复合物的单颗粒冷冻-EM结构,以及在LPA存在下的人LPA受体1(LPA 1)和Gi复合物。我们的结构和功能数据提供了深入了解LPA和S1 P如何采用不同的构象与其同源GPCR相互作用,同源脂质GPCR对S1 P与LPA的选择性,以及LPA和S1 P对这些GPCR的不同激活机制。我们的研究还揭示了改善MS治疗S1 P1靶向药物的具体优化策略。Liu等人报道了与Gi和S1 P复合的人1-磷酸鞘氨醇(S1 P)受体1(S1 P1)或多发性硬化症(MS)药物西泊莫德(Siponimod)的结构,以及与Gi和LPA复合的人溶血磷脂酸(LPA)受体1(LPA 1)的结构,揭示了与其同源GPCR相互作用的溶血磷脂的不同构象。
Lysophospholipids are bioactive lipids and can signal through G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The best studied lysophospholipids are lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). The mechanisms of lysophospholipid recognition by an active GPCR, and the activations of lysophospholipid GPCR–G-protein complexes remain unclear. Here we report single-particle cryo-EM structures of human S1P receptor 1 (S1P1) and heterotrimeric Gi complexes formed with bound S1P or the multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment drug Siponimod, as well as human LPA receptor 1 (LPA1) and Gi complexes in the presence of LPA. Our structural and functional data provide insights into how LPA and S1P adopt different conformations to interact with their cognate GPCRs, the selectivity of the homologous lipid GPCRs for S1P versus LPA, and the different activation mechanisms of these GPCRs by LPA and S1P. Our studies also reveal specific optimization strategies to improve the MS-treating S1P1-targeting drugs. Liu et al. report structures of human sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor 1 (S1P1) in complex with Gi and S1P or the multiple sclerosis (MS) drug Siponimod, as well as human lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor 1 (LPA1) in complex with Gi and LPA, revealing distinct conformations of the lysophospholipids interacting with their cognate GPCRs.
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