A brief overview of BNIP3L/NIX receptor-mediated mitophagy.

A brief overview of BNIP3L/NIX receptor-mediated mitophagy.
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DOI:
10.1002/2211-5463.13307
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发表时间:
2021-12
期刊:
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Novak I
Novak I
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marinković M;Novak I

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有丝分裂吞噬是一种专门用于选择性移除线粒体的自噬形式。虽然PINK1/Parkin通路是对受损线粒体的最好描述,但受体/介导的有丝分裂似乎在细胞发育和特化中起着关键作用。研究最多的有丝分裂受体BCL2/腺病毒E1B19 kDa相互作用蛋白3样蛋白(BNIP3L/Nix)被证明在红细胞终末分化过程中对健康线粒体的程序性移除具有重要作用,但其作用已在各种细胞类型中得到证实。尽管最近我们对BNIP3L/Nix通过磷酸化和二聚化调控的理解取得了进展,但关于BNIP3L/Nix如何在细胞生命和死亡决定之间紧密平衡仍然存在许多问题。这篇简短的综述旨在总结与BNIP3L/NIX相关的持续困境。BCL2/腺病毒E1B19 kDa相互作用蛋白3样受体(BNIP3L/Nix)的失活形式被发现是C-末端丝氨酸212上磷酸化的单体。在有丝分裂诱导下,受体被去磷酸化,这使得BNIP3L/Nix单体形成受体的活性形式,BNIP3L/Nix二聚体也被LIR结构域附近的双磷酸化激活。二聚化使自噬小体在选定的线粒体上有更强的募集和更有效的有丝分裂。
Mitophagy is a form of autophagy specialized to selectively remove mitochondria. Although the PINK1/Parkin pathway is the best described mitophagy of damaged mitochondria, receptor/mediated mitophagy seems to have a pivotal role in cellular development and specialization. The most studied mitophagy receptor BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19‐kDa‐interacting protein 3‐like (BNIP3L/NIX) is shown to be important for the programmed removal of healthy mitochondria during terminal differentiation of erythrocytes, but its role has been proven in various cell types. Despite recent advances in our understanding of its regulation by phosphorylation and dimerization, there remain numerous questions on how BNIP3L/NIX tightly balances between cellular life and death decisions. This brief review intends to summarize ongoing dilemmas related to BNIP3L/NIX. The inactive form of the BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19‐kDa‐interacting protein 3‐like (BNIP3L/NIX) receptor is found as a monomer phosphorylated on C‐terminal serine 212. Upon mitophagy induction, the receptor is dephosphorylated and this allows BNIP3L/NIX monomers to form the active form of the receptor, BNIP3L/NIX dimer, which is also additionally activated with double phosphorylation near the LIR domain. Dimerization enables stronger recruitment of autophagosomes on selected mitochondria and more efficient mitophagy.
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