Processing of proprioceptive and vestibular body signals and self-transcendence in Ashtanga yoga practitioners.
Processing of proprioceptive and vestibular body signals and self-transcendence in Ashtanga yoga practitioners.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2014.00734
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Aglioti SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiori F;David N;Aglioti SM
在杆框测试(RFT)中，参与者被要求将嵌在正方形中的倾斜的视觉线性标记(即杆)设置为主观垂直，而不考虑周围的框架。不受框架倾斜影响的人被定义为场独立，而在杆状垂直性知觉上有偏见的人被定义为场依赖。进行RFT需要本体感觉、前庭和视觉信号的整合，而后者考虑了场依赖性。研究表明，与身体相关、改善平衡的学科中的运动专家倾向于独立于领域，即更擅长垂直感知，这表明通过这种练习获得的本体感觉和前庭专业知识可能会削弱无关视觉信号的影响。目前尚不清楚的是，与身体相关的专业知识在权衡知觉信息方面的效果是否也会受到人格特征的影响，特别是那些标示自我聚焦能力的特征。为了探索这个问题，我们在一类身体专家，即瑜伽练习者和非专家参与者中测试了场依赖性。此外，我们还探索了在RFT上的表现与自我超越(ST)之间的任何联系，ST是一种复杂的人格结构，指的是体验精神感受和想法的倾向。正如预期的那样，瑜伽练习者(I)在RFT上更准确地评估了杆子的垂直度，(Ii)表达了显著更高的ST。有趣的是，这两项测试的表现呈负相关。更具体地说，当被要求提供垂直性判断时，高度自我超越的瑜伽练习者受到误导性视觉环境的影响要小得多。我们的结果表明，高度自我超越可能会使瑜伽练习者更多地依赖来自自己身体的内部(前庭和本体感觉)信号，而不是外部感觉和视觉线索，从而优化垂直判断任务。
In the rod and frame test (RFT), participants are asked to set a tilted visual linear marker (i.e., a rod), embedded in a square, to the subjective vertical, irrespective of the surrounding frame. People not influenced by the frame tilt are defined as field-independent, while people biased in their rod verticality perception are field-dependent. Performing RFT requires the integration of proprioceptive, vestibular and visual signals with the latter accounting for field-dependency. Studies indicate that motor experts in body-related, balance-improving disciplines tend to be field-independent, i.e., better at verticality perception, suggesting that proprioceptive and vestibular expertise acquired by such exercise may weaken the influence of irrelevant visual signals. What remains unknown is whether the effect of body-related expertise in weighting perceptual information might also be mediated by personality traits, in particular those indexing self-focusing abilities. To explore this issue, we tested field-dependency in a class of body experts, namely yoga practitioners and in non-expert participants. Moreover we explored any link between performance on RFT and self-transcendence (ST), a complex personality construct, which refers to tendency to experience spiritual feelings and ideas. As expected, yoga practitioners (i) were more accurate in assessing the rod's verticality on the RFT, and (ii) expressed significantly higher ST. Interestingly, the performance in these two tests was negatively correlated. More specifically, when asked to provide verticality judgments, highly self-transcendent yoga practitioners were significantly less influenced by a misleading visual context. Our results suggest that being highly self-transcendent may enable yoga practitioners to optimize verticality judgment tasks by relying more on internal (vestibular and proprioceptive) signals coming from their own body, rather than on exteroceptive, visual cues.
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