Deforestation reduces rainfall and agricultural revenues in the Brazilian Amazon.

Deforestation reduces rainfall and agricultural revenues in the Brazilian Amazon.
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砍伐森林减少了巴西亚马逊地区的降雨量和农业收入。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-22840-7
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发表时间:
2021-05-10
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Börner J
Börner J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leite-Filho AT;Soares-Filho BS;Davis JL;Abrahão GM;Börner J

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有人提出,如果森林损失超过某个阈值,亚马逊的降雨量就会减少,但这个阈值的具体值仍然不确定。在这里,我们调查了历史上的森林砍伐与巴西南部亚马逊(SBA)不同地理尺度的降雨量之间的关系。我们还评估了森林砍伐政策情景对该地区农业的影响。在28 公里网格单元内森林损失高达55%-60%会增加降雨量,但进一步砍伐森林会急剧减少降雨量。这一阈值在更大的尺度上较低(在56 公里网格单元上为45-50%,在112 公里网格单元上为25-30%),而在224 公里网格单元内降雨量呈线性减少。大范围的森林砍伐导致了水文和经济负和博弈,因为降雨量和较大规模的农业生产率较低,超过了当地的收益。在治理不力的情况下,到2050年,SBA可能会失去56%的森林。减少森林砍伐可防止小农户每年遭受高达10亿美元的农业损失。亚马逊地区的森林砍伐表明,这会以一种非线性的方式影响降水。在这里,作者们表明,森林损失与超过规模依赖的门槛后降雨量减少有关,如果扩大砍伐森林,这可能会给农业带来压力。
It has been suggested that rainfall in the Amazon decreases if forest loss exceeds some threshold, but the specific value of this threshold remains uncertain. Here, we investigate the relationship between historical deforestation and rainfall at different geographical scales across the Southern Brazilian Amazon (SBA). We also assess impacts of deforestation policy scenarios on the region’s agriculture. Forest loss of up to 55–60% within 28 km grid cells enhances rainfall, but further deforestation reduces rainfall precipitously. This threshold is lower at larger scales (45–50% at 56 km and 25–30% at 112 km grid cells), while rainfall decreases linearly within 224 km grid cells. Widespread deforestation results in a hydrological and economic negative-sum game, because lower rainfall and agricultural productivity at larger scales outdo local gains. Under a weak governance scenario, SBA may lose 56% of its forests by 2050. Reducing deforestation prevents agricultural losses in SBA up to US$ 1 billion annually. Deforestation in the Amazon region has suggested to influence precipitation in a non-linear way. Here, the authors show that forest loss is associated with decreasing precipitation after a scale-dependent threshold is crossed, which can cause stress on agriculture if deforestation is expanded.
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