Murine Salivary Amylase Protects Against Streptococcus mutans-Induced Caries.
Murine Salivary Amylase Protects Against Streptococcus mutans-Induced Caries.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2021.699104
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Cash MN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Culp DJ;Robinson B;Cash MN
唾液保护牙齿表面免受蛀牙（即例如，龋齿），一种经常与产酸变形链球菌相关的高度流行的传染病。大量的体外证据支持淀粉酶，唾液的主要成分，作为防止龋齿或支持龋齿。因此，我们产生了唾液淀粉酶（Amy1）靶向缺失的小鼠，并确定了对S.变形菌和喂养的饮食中富含蔗糖，以促进龋齿。总的光滑表面和沟龋分别是2.35倍和1.79倍，敲除小鼠，加上龋齿的严重程度是两倍或更大的沟和光滑表面。在体外实验中，整个刺激唾液样本，淀粉酶的表达并不影响粘附的S。变形菌与唾液包被的羟基磷灰石结合并略微增加其在溶液中的聚集（即，口服清除率）。相反，S.当在聚苯乙烯上培养时，在含有1%葡萄糖的唾液中形成的生物膜中的变形杆菌显示没有差异，但是在羟基磷灰石上培养时，淀粉酶表达减少了40%，这表明S.与羟基磷灰石结合的淀粉酶的变形抑制生长。然而，这种作用在体内被掩盖，因为S.两组小鼠的牙菌斑中的变链菌酸相似，表明淀粉酶表达有助于减少来自S.溶解牙釉质的变异菌。随着淀粉酶的缺失，口腔链球菌物种从约75%增加到90%的总口腔微生物群，表明淀粉酶可能通过支持产碱口腔细菌的定植来促进更高的菌斑pH。重要的是，集体的结果表明，淀粉酶可以作为龋齿风险的生物标志物。
Saliva protects dental surfaces against cavities (i. e., dental caries), a highly prevalent infectious disease frequently associated with acidogenic Streptococcus mutans. Substantial in vitro evidence supports amylase, a major constituent of saliva, as either protective against caries or supporting caries. We therefore produced mice with targeted deletion of salivary amylase (Amy1) and determined the impact on caries in mice challenged with S. mutans and fed a diet rich in sucrose to promote caries. Total smooth surface and sulcal caries were 2.35-fold and 1.79-fold greater in knockout mice, respectively, plus caries severities were twofold or greater on sulcal and smooth surfaces. In in vitro experiments with samples of whole stimulated saliva, amylase expression did not affect the adherence of S. mutans to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite and slightly increased its aggregation in solution (i.e., oral clearance). Conversely, S. mutans in biofilms formed in saliva with 1% glucose displayed no differences when cultured on polystyrene, but on hydroxyapatite was 40% less with amylase expression, suggesting that recognition by S. mutans of amylase bound to hydroxyapatite suppresses growth. However, this effect was overshadowed in vivo, as the recoveries of S. mutans from dental plaque were similar between both groups of mice, suggesting that amylase expression helps decrease plaque acids from S. mutans that dissolve dental enamel. With amylase deletion, commensal streptococcal species increased from ~75 to 90% of the total oral microbiota, suggesting that amylase may promote higher plaque pH by supporting colonization by base-producing oral commensals. Importantly, collective results indicate that amylase may serve as a biomarker of caries risk.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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