Impaired Alveolar Re-Epithelialization in Pulmonary Emphysema.
Impaired Alveolar Re-Epithelialization in Pulmonary Emphysema.
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肺泡II型（Alveolar type II， ATII）细胞是肺泡内的祖细胞，能够修复损伤后的肺泡上皮。它们与肺泡上皮细胞稳态和再上皮化的微环境相互交织。多种ATII细胞壁龛、转录因子、介质和信号通路构成了调节ATII细胞功能的特定环境。特别是WNT/β-catenin、YAP/TAZ、NOTCH、TGF-β和P53信号通路动态参与了ATII细胞的增殖和分化，但其机制尚不清楚。然而，肺气肿患者的肺泡细胞死亡和增殖不平衡，导致肺泡壁破坏和气体交换受损。吸烟引起氧化应激，是这种疾病发展的主要原因。异常的炎症和氧化应激反应导致肺气肿中细胞稳态的丧失和ATII细胞功能障碍。在这里，我们讨论了目前对肺泡再上皮化和改变的修复反应在这种疾病的病理生理学的理解。当前的治疗方法和新兴的治疗方法，包括临床试验中的细胞疗法，也被解决了。
Alveolar type II (ATII) cells are progenitors in alveoli and can repair the alveolar epithelium after injury. They are intertwined with the microenvironment for alveolar epithelial cell homeostasis and re-epithelialization. A variety of ATII cell niches, transcription factors, mediators, and signaling pathways constitute a specific environment to regulate ATII cell function. Particularly, WNT/β-catenin, YAP/TAZ, NOTCH, TGF-β, and P53 signaling pathways are dynamically involved in ATII cell proliferation and differentiation, although there are still plenty of unknowns regarding the mechanism. However, an imbalance of alveolar cell death and proliferation was observed in patients with pulmonary emphysema, contributing to alveolar wall destruction and impaired gas exchange. Cigarette smoking causes oxidative stress and is the primary cause of this disease development. Aberrant inflammatory and oxidative stress responses result in loss of cell homeostasis and ATII cell dysfunction in emphysema. Here, we discuss the current understanding of alveolar re-epithelialization and altered reparative responses in the pathophysiology of this disease. Current therapeutics and emerging treatments, including cell therapies in clinical trials, are addressed as well.
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影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Imai-Matsushima A;Martin-Sancho L;Karlas A;Imai S;Zoranovic T;Hocke AC;Mollenkopf HJ;Berger H;Meyer TF
通讯作者：
Meyer TF
DOI：
10.1242/dev.163014
发表时间：
2018-05-11
期刊：
Development (Cambridge, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chung MI;Bujnis M;Barkauskas CE;Kobayashi Y;Hogan BLM
通讯作者：
Hogan BLM
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Finn, Johanna;Sottoriva, Kilian;Liu, Yuru
通讯作者：
Liu, Yuru
DOI：
10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.08.011
发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Besiktepe, Neziha;Kayalar, Ozgecan;Oztay, Fusun
通讯作者：
Oztay, Fusun
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.003
发表时间：
2018-05-23
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Correll KA;Edeen KE;Zemans RL;Redente EF;Mikels-Vigdal A;Mason RJ
通讯作者：
Mason RJ