Cocaine intake correlates with risk-taking behavior and affects estrous cycling in female Sprague-Dawley rats.
Cocaine intake correlates with risk-taking behavior and affects estrous cycling in female Sprague-Dawley rats.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1293226
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Orsini, Caitlin A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Truckenbrod, Leah M.;Cooper, Emily M.;Wheeler, Alexa-Rae;Orsini, Caitlin A.
驾驭复杂的决策并考虑它们的相对风险和回报是生存所必需的重要认知能力。然而，对非法药物的使用和依赖可能导致物质使用障碍患者这种风险/回报演算的长期变化。最近的研究表明，长期接触可卡因会导致雄性和雌性大鼠的冒险行为长期增加，但我们对可卡因使用与冒险行为变化之间关系的理解仍然存在重大差距。例如，目前尚不清楚可卡因摄入量的大小是否决定了冒险行为的改变程度。为了解决这个问题，雄性和雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠接受了可卡因（或蔗糖）自我管理，并在一段时间的戒断后，在啮齿动物模型中进行了风险决策的训练和测试。在这项行为任务中，大鼠在与小食物奖励相关的杠杆（即“安全”选项）和与较大食物奖励相关的杠杆（即“风险”选项）之间进行离散试验选择。令人惊讶的是，与之前对Long-Evans大鼠的研究相反，在雄性或雌性戒断期间，可卡因自我给药对选择大的、有风险的奖励（即冒险）没有影响。然而，雌性大鼠的可卡因摄入量与风险承担之间存在显著关系，摄入量越大，越倾向于获得大而冒险的奖励。与蔗糖组相比，可卡因组的雌性大鼠也表现出不规律的发情周期，其特征是发情和/或发情期延长。总的来说，这些数据表明，可卡因对风险承担的影响可能存在差异，并强调了慢性可卡因暴露对女性激素周期的影响。未来的工作将集中在了解可卡因对女性风险承担的摄入依赖效应的神经机制，以及这是否与可卡因诱导的神经内分泌功能改变直接相关。
Navigating complex decisions and considering their relative risks and rewards is an important cognitive ability necessary for survival. However, use of and dependence on illicit drugs can result in long-lasting changes to this risk/reward calculus in individuals with substance use disorder. Recent work has shown that chronic exposure to cocaine causes long-lasting increases in risk taking in male and female rats, but there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the relationship between cocaine use and changes in risk taking. For example, it is unclear whether the magnitude of cocaine intake dictates the extent to which risk taking is altered. To address this, male and female Sprague–Dawley rats underwent cocaine (or sucrose) self-administration and, following a period of abstinence, were trained and tested in a rodent model of risky decision making. In this behavioral task, rats made discrete-trial choices between a lever associated with a small food reward (i.e., “safe” option) and a lever associated with a larger food reward accompanied by a variable risk of footshock delivery (i.e., “risky” option). Surprisingly, and in contrast to prior work in Long-Evans rats, there were no effects of cocaine self-administration on choice of the large, risky reward (i.e., risk taking) during abstinence in males or females. There was, however, a significant relationship between cocaine intake and risk taking in female rats, with greater intake associated with greater preference for the large, risky reward. Relative to their sucrose counterparts, female rats in the cocaine group also exhibited irregular estrous cycles, characterized by prolonged estrus and/or diestrus phases. Collectively, these data suggest that there may be strain differences in the effects of cocaine on risk taking and highlight the impact that chronic cocaine exposure has on hormonal cyclicity in females. Future work will focus on understanding the neural mechanisms underlying cocaine’s intake-dependent effects on risk taking in females, and whether this is directly related to cocaine-induced alterations in neuroendocrine function.
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影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Charpentier CJ;Aylward J;Roiser JP;Robinson OJ
通讯作者：
Robinson OJ
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Bolla, KI;Eldreth, DA;Ernst, M
通讯作者：
Ernst, M
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
GUITART, X;KOGAN, JH;NESTLER, EJ
通讯作者：
NESTLER, EJ
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Evans, Suzette M.
通讯作者：
Evans, Suzette M.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
GEORGE, FR;PORRINO, LJ;GOLDBERG, SR
通讯作者：
GOLDBERG, SR