Etiopathogeny, prognosis and therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes.

Etiopathogeny, prognosis and therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes.
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骨髓增生异常综合征的病因、预后和治疗。

DOI:
10.1007/s00282-997-0277-z
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发表时间:
1997
期刊:
Hematology and cell therapy
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
T. Vallespí
T. Vallespí
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
G. Sanz;M. Sanz;T. Vallespí

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骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)是一组异质性和常见的克隆性血液病,其特征在于血细胞减少、造血细胞的发育异常改变和向急性成髓细胞性白血病(AML)的高转化率。MDS为研究恶性肿瘤的发生和发展提供了一个临床模型。导致MDS的起始事件仍然几乎未知。造血祖细胞增殖和分化能力的不平衡沿着正常凋亡过程的异常参与MDS的发病机制和向AML的转化。可能需要多个基因组病变,包括癌基因激活和肿瘤抑制基因失活。烷化剂、靶向拓扑异构酶II的细胞毒性药物和苯是唯一明确的病因。FAB亚型无法解释的高龄和巨大的预后变异性使临床试验和治疗计划的设计和分析复杂化。鼓励使用最近开发的预后评分,根据预期风险选择最佳治疗。大多数病人的治疗效果不令人满意。目前,骨髓移植被认为是唯一的治疗方法。更好地了解MDS的病理生物学,对于开发新的、更合理和有效的治疗方法是有价值的。
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous and common group of clonal hematological disorders characterized by cytopenias, dysplastic changes of hematopoietic cells, and a high rate of transformation into acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). MDS provide a clinical model for studying the emergency and progression of malignancy. The initiating events leading to MDS remain almost unknown. Imbalance of proliferative and differentiating capabilities of progenitor hematopoietic cells along with abnormalities in the normal process of apoptosis are involved in both the pathogenesis of MDS and transformation into AML. Multiple genomic lesions, comprising oncogene activation and tumor-suppressor gene inactivation, are probably required. Alkylating agents, cytotoxic drugs targeting topoisomerase II and benzene are the only clear etiological factors identified. Advanced age and great prognostic variability, not explained by the FAB subtype, complicates the design and analysis of clinical trials and therapy-planning. The use of recently developed prognostic scores for selecting the best treatment according to the expected risk is encouraged. In most patients therapy is unsatisfactory. At present, bone marrow transplantation is considered as the only curative approach. A better knowledge of the pathobiology of MDS should be valuable to develop new, more rationale and effective therapies.
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1987
期刊: Hematologic pathology
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