Presentation and analysis of a worldwide database for lava dome collapse events: the Global Archive of Dome Instabilities (GLADIS)

Presentation and analysis of a worldwide database for lava dome collapse events: the Global Archive of Dome Instabilities (GLADIS)
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熔岩穹顶塌陷事件全球数据库的展示和分析:全球穹顶不稳定性档案 (GLADIS)

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-019-1276-y
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Harnett C
Harnett C
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harnett C

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熔岩穹丘崩塌会产生危险的火山碎屑流、落石和泥石流。尽管在了解熔岩穹丘崩塌及其产物方面取得了进展,但对崩塌前发生的情况仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们介绍了全球圆顶不稳定性档案(GLADIS),一个数据库,汇编世界各地的历史圆顶崩溃和他们的报告属性,包括原始圆顶体积(在崩溃时),圆顶形态,侵位条件,地震活动,圆顶几何形状和存款特征。在可能的情况下,我们使用绝对存款体积和相对塌陷体积比(这是存款体积与原始圆顶体积的比例)来确定事件的塌陷幅度。通过统计分析,探讨了塌陷强度与挤压速率、穹隆生长方式、原始穹隆体积以及塌陷成因机制之间的关系。我们发现,相对崩溃的幅度是独立的挤出速率和原始圆顶的体积。相对塌陷体积比取决于圆顶生长方式,其中发现内源生长先于最大塌陷(约75%原始体积)。占原拱顶体积比例较高(> 50%)的坍塌主要归因于重力载荷和气体超压的发展,而占原拱顶体积比例较小(< 10%)的坍塌则与拱顶周围的地形和挤压方向的变化有关。通过提供验证和/或源数据,我们打算这些数据上的各种圆顶的增长和崩溃事件,及其相关的机制,是未来的数值模拟工作的重点,而确定的关系与相对崩溃体积比可以告知崩溃的危险性评估的基础上,观察一个不断增长的圆顶。
Lava dome collapses generate hazardous pyroclastic flows, rockfalls and debris avalanches. Despite advances in understanding lava dome collapses and their resultant products, the conditions that occur prior to collapse are still poorly understood. Here, we introduce the Global Archive of Dome Instabilities (GLADIS), a database that compiles worldwide historical dome collapses and their reported properties, including original dome volume (at the time of collapse), dome morphology, emplacement conditions, precursory activity, dome geometry and deposit characteristics. We determine the collapse magnitude for events where possible, using both absolute deposit volumes and relative collapse volume ratios (this being deposit volume as a proportion of original dome volume). We use statistical analysis to explore whether relationships exist between collapse magnitude and extrusion rate, dome growth style, original dome volume and causal mechanism of collapse. We find that relative collapse magnitude is independent of both the extrusion rate and the original dome volume. Relative collapse volume ratio is dependent on dome growth style, where endogenous growth is found to precede the largest collapses (~ 75% original volume). Collapses that comprise a higher proportion (> 50%) of original dome volume are particularly attributed to both gravitational loading and the development of gas overpressure, whilst collapses comprising a small proportion (< 10%) of original dome volume are associated with the topography surrounding the dome, and variations in extrusion direction. By providing validation and/or source data, we intend these data on various dome growth and collapse events, and their associated mechanisms, to be the focus of future numerical modelling efforts, whilst the identified relationships with relative collapse volume ratios can inform collapse hazard assessment based on observations of a growing dome.
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