Family Strain Predicts Subsequent Depressive Symptoms in Middle-aged Adults: Hope Mediates and Self-compassion Moderates the Relation.
Family Strain Predicts Subsequent Depressive Symptoms in Middle-aged Adults: Hope Mediates and Self-compassion Moderates the Relation.
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DOI：
10.1521/jscp.2020.39.01.001
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Yeung E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mistretta EG;Davis MC;Yeung E
人际关系紧张与中年人的抑郁症状有关。解释这种关系的一个可能机制是希望的减少，其定义为相信自己有能力实现并产生各种方式来实现目标。然而，压力-抑郁症状关系的强度在个体之间并不一致，这表明成功驾驭关系压力的能力的个体差异可能在减轻其负面影响方面发挥作用。压力-抑郁症状关系的一个潜在调节者是自我同情，它包括以一种友好和不评判的方式回应自己的消极思想和经历的能力。虽然理论和经验证据表明，自我同情是保护免受压力对心理健康结果的影响，很少有研究调查自我同情如何在关系紧张的背景下运作。此外，很少有研究探讨自我同情保护心理健康结果的心理机制，特别是抑郁症。因此，本研究考察了1）希望在多大程度上介导了家庭紧张和抑郁症状之间的关系，以及2）这些间接影响是否以社区中年人样本中的自我同情为条件。自我报告的家庭压力，自我同情，希望和抑郁症状进行了评估，在社区样本的762名中年人，年龄在40-65岁。大约20个月后评估了抑郁症状的随访措施。结构方程模型的结果表明，希望调解家庭紧张和抑郁症状之间的关系和间接影响是有条件的自我同情的水平。对于自我同情高与低的个体，与压力相关的希望下降预测抑郁症状的增加较小。总的来说，研究结果表明，家庭压力可能会导致个人经历更少的希望和随后的抑郁症状增加。然而，自我同情的态度可以作为一种弹性资源，削弱希望-抑郁症状的关系，这一发现为未来研究自我同情干预的发展和完善带来了希望。
Interpersonal strain is linked with depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. One possible mechanism accounting for this relation is a reduction in hope, defined as the belief in one’s capacity both to reach and to generate a variety of ways to obtain goals. The strength of the strain-depressive symptoms relation is not uniform across individuals, however, pointing to the likelihood that individual differences in the ability to successfully navigate relationship strain play a role in mitigating its negative effects. One potential moderator of the strain – depressive symptoms relation is self-compassion, which encompasses the capacity to respond to one’s own negative thoughts and experiences in a kind and nonjudgmental way. Although theory and empirical evidence suggest that self-compassion is protective against the impact of stress on mental health outcomes, little research has investigated how self-compassion operates in the context of relationship strain. In addition, few studies have examined psychological mechanisms by which self-compassion protects against mental health outcomes, depression in particular. Thus, this study examined 1) the extent to which hope mediates the relation between family strain and depressive symptoms, and 2) whether these indirect effects are conditional on self-compassion in a community sample of middle-aged adults. Self-reported family strain, self-compassion, hope, and depressive symptoms were assessed in a community sample of 762 middle-aged adults aged 40–65. Follow-up measures of depressive symptoms were assessed approximately 20 months later. Results from structural equation models indicated that hope mediated the relation between family strain and depressive symptoms and the indirect effect was conditional on levels of self-compassion. For individuals high versus low in self-compassion, strain-related declines in hope predicted smaller increases in depressive symptoms. Taken together, the findings suggest that family strain may lead individuals to experience less hope and subsequent increases in depressive symptoms. However, a self-compassionate attitude may serve as a resilience resource, weakening the hope – depressive symptoms relation, a finding that holds promise for future research on the development and refinement of self-compassion interventions.
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