Obesity and economic environments.
Obesity and economic environments.
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DOI：
10.3322/caac.21237
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发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
An R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sturm R;An R
This review summarizes our understanding of economic factors during the obesity epidemic and dispels some widely held, but incorrect, beliefs: Rising obesity rates coincided with increases in leisure time (rather than increased work hours), increased fruit and vegetable availability (rather than a decline of healthier foods), and increased exercise uptake. As a share of disposable income, Americans now have the cheapest food available in history, which fueled the obesity epidemic. Weight gain was surprisingly similar across sociodemographic groups or geographic areas, rather than specific to some groups (at every point in time, however, there are clear disparities). It suggests that if we want to understand the role of the environment in the obesity epidemic, we need to understand changes over time affecting all groups, not differences between subgroups at a given time. Although economic and technological changes in the environment drove the obesity epidemic, the evidence for effective economic policies to prevent obesity remains limited. Taxes on foods with low nutritional value could nudge behavior towards healthier diets, as could subsidies/discounts for healthier foods. However, even a large price change for healthy foods could only close a part of the gap between dietary guidelines and actual food consumption. Political support has been lacking for even moderate price interventions in the US and this may continue until the role of environment factors is accepted more widely. As opinion leaders, clinicians play an important role to shape the understanding of the causes of obesity.
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DOI：
10.1177/003335491012500112
发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
影响因子：
--
作者：
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影响因子：
254.7
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00572.x
发表时间：
2009-07
期刊：
Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dunton GF;Kaplan J;Wolch J;Jerrett M;Reynolds KD
通讯作者：
Reynolds KD
DOI：
10.1186/1479-5868-8-109
发表时间：
2011-10-06
期刊：
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Windmeijer F