Intestinal FXR agonism promotes adipose tissue browning and reduces obesity and insulin resistance.

Intestinal FXR agonism promotes adipose tissue browning and reduces obesity and insulin resistance.
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肠道 FXR 激动剂可促进脂肪组织褐变,减少肥胖和胰岛素抵抗。

DOI:
10.1038/nm.3760
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发表时间:
2015-02
期刊:
影响因子:
82.9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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胆汁酸 (BA) 传感器法尼醇 X 受体 (FXR) 的全身表达催生了针对胆固醇代谢、甘油三酯产生、肝脂肪变性和胆汁淤积的有前景的新疗法。与全身治疗相反,进餐期间胆汁酸的释放选择性地激活肠道 FXR。通过模仿这种组织选择性效应,肠道限制性 FXR 激动剂 fexaramine (Fex) 强力诱导肠成纤维细胞生长因子 15 (FGF15),导致 BA 组成发生变化,但不会激活肝脏中的 FXR 靶基因。然而,与全身激动不同,我们发现 Fex 可以减少饮食引起的体重增加、全身炎症和肝葡萄糖产生,同时增强白色脂肪组织 (WAT) 的产热和褐变。这些显着的代谢改善表明组织限制的 FXR 激活可以作为治疗肥胖和代谢综合征的新方法。
The systemic expression of the bile acid (BA) sensor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has led to promising new therapies targeting cholesterol metabolism, triglyceride production, hepatic steatosis and biliary cholestasis. In contrast to systemic therapy, bile acid release during a meal selectively activates intestinal FXR. By mimicking this tissue-selective effect, the gut-restricted FXR agonist fexaramine (Fex) robustly induces enteric fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15), leading to alterations in BA composition, but does so without activating FXR target genes in the liver. However, unlike systemic agonism, we find that Fex reduces diet-induced weight gain, body-wide inflammation and hepatic glucose production, while enhancing thermogenesis and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). These pronounced metabolic improvements suggest tissue-restricted FXR activation as a new approach in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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