FLEKS: A flexible particle-in-cell code for multi-scale plasma simulations
FLEKS: A flexible particle-in-cell code for multi-scale plasma simulations
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FLEKS：用于多尺度等离子体模拟的灵活的细胞内粒子代码
DOI：
10.1016/j.cpc.2023.108714
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Wang, Xiantong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yuxi;Tóth, Gábor;Zhou, Hongyang;Wang, Xiantong
嵌入粒子的磁流体动力学模型（MHD-EPIC）近年来已成功地应用于全球磁层模拟。然而，PIC区域被限制为一个或多个静态框，这并不总是足以有效地覆盖整个感兴趣的物理结构。Flexible Exascale Kinetic Simulator（FLEKS）是一种新的PIC代码，允许任何形状的动态PIC区域，旨在打破这一限制。FLEKS通常被用作MHD自适应嵌入粒子-单元（MHD-AEPIC）模型的PIC分量。FLEKS支持在模拟过程中动态激活或停用单元以适应感兴趣的区域。为了提高长时间仿真的精度和效率，还引入了自适应时间步进方案。每个单元格的颗粒数量可能会显着增加或减少，并导致颗粒较少的单元格中的负载不平衡和较大的统计噪声。设计了粒子分裂算法和粒子合并算法，以限制粒子数目的变化，从而提高模拟的精度和负载平衡。粒子分裂和粒子合并都保持总质量、动量和能量守恒。FLEKS还包含一个测试粒子模块，用于跟踪粒子轨迹，这是由于从全局模拟中获得的随时间变化的电磁场。
The magnetohydrodynamics with embedded particle-in-cell (MHD-EPIC) model has been successfully applied to global magnetospheric simulations in recent years. However, the PIC region was restricted to be one or more static boxes, which is not always sufficient to cover the whole physical structure of interest efficiently. The FLexible Exascale Kinetic Simulator (FLEKS), which is a new PIC code and allows a dynamic PIC region of any shape, is designed to break this restriction. FLEKS is usually used as the PIC component of the MHD with adaptively embedded particle-in-cell (MHD-AEPIC) model. FLEKS supports dynamically activating or deactivating cells to fit the regions of interest during a simulation. An adaptive time-stepping scheme is also introduced to improve the accuracy and efficiency of a long simulation. The particle number per cell may increase or decrease significantly and lead to load imbalance and large statistical noise in the cells with fewer particles. A particle splitting scheme and a particle merging algorithm are designed to limit the change of the particle number and hence improve the accuracy of the simulation as well as load balancing. Both particle splitting and particle merging conserve the total mass, momentum, and energy. FLEKS also contains a test-particle module to enable tracking particle trajectories due to the time-dependent electromagnetic field that is obtained from a global simulation.
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六时刻多流体等离子体模型
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Huang, Zhenguang;Tóth, Gábor;van der Holst, Bart;Chen, Yuxi;Gombosi, Tamas
通讯作者：
Gombosi, Tamas
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jcp.2014.03.009
发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1177/10943420211022811
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications
影响因子：
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作者：
Weiqun Zhang;A. Myers;K. Gott;A. Almgren;J. Bell
通讯作者：
J. Bell
DOI：
10.1016/j.cpc.2015.01.010
发表时间：
2015-06
期刊：
Comput. Phys. Commun.
影响因子：
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作者：
M. Pfeiffer;A. Mirza;C. Munz;S. Fasoulas
通讯作者：
M. Pfeiffer;A. Mirza;C. Munz;S. Fasoulas