Experimental study of Fe–Mg partitioning and zoning during rapid growth of olivine in Hawaiian tholeiites

Experimental study of Fe–Mg partitioning and zoning during rapid growth of olivine in Hawaiian tholeiites
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夏威夷拉斑斑斑斑玄斑岩中橄榄石快速生长过程中Fe-Mg分配与分带的实验研究

DOI:
10.1007/s00410-022-01969-8
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
J. Mourey, Adrien
J. Mourey, Adrien
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shea, Thomas;K. Matzen, Andrew;J. Mourey, Adrien

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铁、镁在橄榄岩和玄武岩熔体之间的分配行为是研究陆外玄武岩的重要基础。橄榄石熔体分配研究一般集中在近平衡结晶条件。最近的研究强调了实验橄榄石和天然橄榄石快速生长的趋势,可能是在非平衡条件下。为了更好地了解动力学效应(例如边界层形成)是否会影响铁镁分区和快速晶体生长过程中分区的发展,我们使用一系列快速冷却实验,涉及天然夏威夷拉斑玄武岩作为起始组合物。实验装料保持在超液相线条件下,并迅速冷却到对应于10-100 ℃过冷度的最终温度。总体而言,我们发现,在我们的实验参数空间内,快速增长在很大程度上可以忽略不计的影响,铁镁分区和分区模式。这些结果是最适用于相对结晶贫乏的天然岩浆经历突然的热或化学扰动。我们联合收割机结合了对天然夏威夷拉斑玄武岩进行的所有实验,提出了适用于温度范围T = 1060-1500 ºC的修订版玻璃中氧化镁温度计:T(ºC)= 21.2 × MgO(重量%) + 1017 ± 13。结合夏威夷玄武岩的不同实验数据得到的Fe-Mg橄榄石熔体分配系数为= 0.335 ± 0.01,证实了最近的结论,即高于规范值0.3。边界层形成的动力学模型表明,传播晶体-熔体界面(无限平面,球形,骨架尖端)的几何形状部分控制橄榄石分区或缺乏。skeleton分支通常导致较少的分区,因为边界层更容易消散。我们还表明,晶体成核的风格(连续与瞬时)后,热力学扰动可能会决定个别晶体发展强或弱的Fe-Mg分区的能力。
The partitioning behavior of Fe and Mg between olivine and basalt melt is of key importance to the study of terrestrial and extraterrestrial basalts. Olivine-melt partitioning studies generally focus on near-equilibrium crystallization conditions. Recent works highlight the tendency for both experimental and natural olivine to grow rapidly, possibly under non-equilibrium conditions. To better understand whether kinetic effects (e.g. boundary layer formation) can influence Fe–Mg partitioning and the development of zoning during rapid crystal growth, we use series of rapid cooling experiments involving a natural Hawaiian tholeiite as starting composition. Experimental charges were held at superliquidus conditions and cooled rapidly to final temperatures corresponding to undercoolings of 10–100 ºC. Overall, we find that within the parameter space of our experiments, rapid growth has largely negligible effects on both Fe–Mg partitioning and zoning patterns. These results are most applicable to relatively crystal-poor natural magmas undergoing a sudden thermal or chemical perturbation. We combine all experiments performed on natural Hawaiian tholeiites to propose a revised MgO-in-glass thermometer applicable to the temperature rangeT= 1060–1500 ºC: T (ºC) = 21.2 × MgO (wt.%) + 1017 ± 13. The Fe–Mg olivine-melt distribution coefficient obtained by combining the different experimental datasets on Hawaiian basalt is= 0.335 ± 0.01, confirming recent conclusions thatis higher than the canonical value of 0.3. Kinetic models of boundary layer formation indicate that the geometry of the propagating crystal-melt interface (infinite planar, spherical, skeletal tip) partly controls olivine zoning or lack thereof. Skeletal branching generally leads to less zoning because boundary layers are more easily dissipated. We also show that crystal nucleation style (continuous vs. instantaneous) after a thermodynamic perturbation may dictate the capacity for individual crystals to develop strong or weak Fe–Mg zoning.
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DOI: 10.1029/2021gc010046
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