Synergistic Detrimental Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Alcohol, and SARS-CoV-2 in COPD Bronchial Epithelial Cells.
Synergistic Detrimental Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Alcohol, and SARS-CoV-2 in COPD Bronchial Epithelial Cells.
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DOI：
10.3390/pathogens12030498
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发表时间：
2023-03-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wyatt TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muralidharan A;Bauer CD;Katafiasz DM;Strah HM;Siddique A;Reid SP;Bailey KL;Wyatt TA
COPD等肺部疾病以及酒精滥用和吸烟等风险因素可能会加剧COVID-19疾病的严重程度。协同作用下，这些风险因素可能对针对病原体的免疫力产生重大影响。在这里，我们研究了短期暴露于酒精和/或香烟烟雾提取物（CSE）在体外对急性SARS冠状病毒-2感染的纤毛人支气管上皮细胞（HBEC）从健康和COPD捐赠者收集的影响。我们观察到CSE或酒精处理的COPD HBEC中的病毒滴度与未处理的COPD HBEC相比增加。此外，我们治疗健康的HBEC伴随着增强的乳酸脱氢酶活性，表明损伤加重。最后，由于酒精、CSE和SARS-CoV-2介导的COPD HBEC中的协同损伤，IL-8分泌升高。总之，我们的数据表明，对于预先存在的COPD，短期暴露于酒精或CSE足以加重SARS-CoV-2感染和相关损伤，损害肺防御。
Lung conditions such as COPD, as well as risk factors such as alcohol misuse and cigarette smoking, can exacerbate COVID-19 disease severity. Synergistically, these risk factors can have a significant impact on immunity against pathogens. Here, we studied the effect of a short exposure to alcohol and/or cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in vitro on acute SARS-CoV-2 infection of ciliated human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) collected from healthy and COPD donors. We observed an increase in viral titer in CSE- or alcohol-treated COPD HBECs compared to untreated COPD HBECs. Furthermore, we treated healthy HBECs accompanied by enhanced lactate dehydrogenase activity, indicating exacerbated injury. Finally, IL-8 secretion was elevated due to the synergistic damage mediated by alcohol, CSE, and SARS-CoV-2 in COPD HBECs. Together, our data suggest that, with pre-existing COPD, short exposure to alcohol or CSE is sufficient to exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated injury, impairing lung defences.
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