Behaviour of a natural laminar flow aerofoil in flight through atmospheric turbulence

Behaviour of a natural laminar flow aerofoil in flight through atmospheric turbulence
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自然层流翼型在大气湍流中飞行时的行为

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2015.49
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Tropea C
Tropea C
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reeh AD;Tropea C

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飞行中经常遇到大气湍流,它会对穿过湍流区域的飞机产生不同方向和大小的迎面流动扰动。机动滑翔机上独特的测量装置可以研究飞行中穿过大气湍流的层流机翼部分的流动过程。预期的准稳态翼型特性是通过对平静飞行条件下边界层转变的研究推导出来的。展向频率-波数谱以及与线性稳定性理论 (LST) 的比较可以深入了解过渡的线性和弱非线性阶段。同时测量迎面而来的气流、机翼部分的特征流量和机翼的运动,可以实现这些量之间的相关性,并提供对非定常飞行物理的深入了解。重点放在机翼两侧层流-湍流过渡到适度自由流湍流的响应。在翼型的下侧,观察到显着且快速的上游过渡波动,这与压力分布的变化密切对应。应用小波分析来深入了解时间伪频域中过渡前沿的这些流向偏移的组成。结果表明,它们是由快速瞬态基流变化驱动的,并且转变是由托尔米恩-施利希廷(TS)波的短暂增长阶段引发的。
Atmospheric turbulence is encountered frequently in flight and it creates oncoming flow disturbances of varying direction and magnitude for aircraft passing through turbulent zones. The unique measurement set-up on a motorised glider enables the investigation of the flow processes acting on a laminar wing section in flight through atmospheric turbulence. The expected quasi-steady aerofoil characteristics are deduced from an investigation of boundary-layer transition under calm flight conditions. Spanwise frequency–wavenumber spectra and comparisons with linear stability theory (LST) yield insight into the linear and weakly nonlinear stages of transition. Simultaneous measurement of the oncoming flow, characteristic flow quantities on the wing section and the motion of the aerofoil enables correlations between these quantities and provides insight into the unsteady flight physics. Emphasis is placed on the response of laminar–turbulent transition to moderate free-stream turbulence on both sides of the wing section. On the lower side of the aerofoil significant and rapid upstream fluctuations of transition are observed, which correspond closely to variations in the pressure distribution. Wavelet analysis is applied to gain insight into the composition of these streamwise excursions of the transition front in the time-pseudo-frequency domain. It is shown that they are driven by rapid transient base-flow changes and that transition is initiated by a short growth stage of Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) waves.
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