Response of Fish Assemblages to Habitat Changes and Fishing Activity in a Tributary of the Jinsha River in Southwest China
Response of Fish Assemblages to Habitat Changes and Fishing Activity in a Tributary of the Jinsha River in Southwest China
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西南金沙江支流鱼类群落对生境变化和捕捞活动的响应
DOI：
10.1002/nafm.10473
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发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Chen Xiaojuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Zhi;Zhu Qiguang;Jin Yao;Tang Huiyuan;Liu Hong;Wan Chengyan;Chen Xiaojuan
水库蓄水影响鱼类的生境条件，进而可能影响水库蓄水区鱼类群落结构的时空分布格局。渔业活动和非蓄谋期砾石和采砂是重要的人为因素，流量，水温和降水是重要的自然环境变量;人为和自然因素可能影响鱼类群落结构在蓄水和未蓄水水体。我们使用多元分析来评估在一条大河的主要干的两个相邻的水库蓄水的联合作用（金沙江;长江上游）、过度捕捞、非正常砾石和采砂、自然水流状况和其他环境变量（水温和降水量）对黑水河鱼类群聚结构的影响，主流水库上游的自由流动支流。分析了10年（2008年，2010年和2011-2017年）收集的鱼类组合数据和非生物数据。结果表明，黑水河鱼类群落在时间上分为两大类，与金沙江干流下游的向家坝和溪洛渡两座梯级水库密切相关。利用基于距离的线性模型检验了鱼类群落结构与非生物因子之间的关系，并利用基于距离的冗余分析进行了可视化，结果表明，解释鱼类群落结构年际和季节变化的主要因素是瞬时砾石和采砂、主流水库蓄水和季节性水流状况。其中，在该支流的瞬时砾石和采砂发挥了最显着的作用，影响鱼类群落结构的时间变化，解释了总的变异的34.12%。干流水库蓄水和季节性水流状况对鱼类群落结构的时间变化产生次要影响，两者共同解释了总变异的13.39%（分别为7.00%和6.39%）。本研究建议相关管理机构应更加关注该支流的自由流动栖息地维护以及对碎石和采砂的控制。
Reservoir impoundment affects fish habitat condition, in turn likely influencing the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of fish assemblage structure in the impounded area. Fishing activity and instream gravel and sand mining are important anthropogenic factors, and flow discharge, water temperature, and precipitation are important natural environmental variables; both anthropogenic and natural factors likely have impacted fish assemblage structure in impounded and unimpounded waterbodies. We used multivariate analysis to evaluate the combined effects of two adjacent reservoir impoundments in the main stem of a large river (Jinsha River; the upper segments of the Yangtze River), overfishing, instream gravel and sand mining, the natural flow regime, and other environmental variables (water temperature and precipitation) on fish assemblage structure in the Heishui River, a small, free‐flowing tributary upstream of the mainstream reservoirs. Fish assemblage data and abiotic data collected over 10 years (2008, 2010, and 2011–2017) were analyzed. The results showed that fish assemblages of the Heishui River temporally clustered into two groups that were strongly associated with the two downstream cascade reservoirs (Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu reservoirs) in the main‐stem Jinsha River. The relationships between fish assemblage structure and abiotic factors were tested using a distance‐based linear model and were visualized using distance‐based redundancy analysis, showing that the main factors explaining the interannual and seasonal variation in fish assemblage structure were instream gravel and sand mining, mainstream reservoir impoundment, and seasonal flow regime. Among these, instream gravel and sand mining in this tributary played the most significant role in affecting the temporal variation of fish assemblage structure and explained 34.12% of the total variability. Mainstream reservoir impoundment and seasonal flow regime exerted secondary effects on the temporal variation of fish assemblage structure and together explained 13.39% (7.00% and 6.39%, respectively) of the total variability. This study suggests that the relevant administrative agencies should focus more on free‐flowing habitat maintenance in this tributary and the control of instream gravel and sand mining.
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